{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T13:46:08Z","timestamp":1790430368459,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6524","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1986,3,29]],"date-time":"1986-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":512438400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,3,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study was designed to compare different methods of treating renal calculi in order to establish which was the most cost effective and successful. Of 1052 patients with renal calculi, 350 underwent open surgery, 350 percutaneous nephrolithotomy, 328 extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL), and 24 both percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ESWL. Treatment was defined as successful if stones were eliminated or reduced to less than 2 mm after three months. Success was achieved in 273 (78%) patients after open surgery, 289 (83%) after percutaneous nephrolithotomy, 301 (92%) after ESWL, and 15 (62%) after percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ESWL. Comparative total costs to the NHS were estimated as 3500 pounds for open surgery, 1861 pounds for percutaneous nephrolithotomy, 1789 pounds for ESWL, and 3210 pounds for both ESWL and nephrolithotomy. ESWL caused no blood loss and little morbidity and is the cheapest and quickest way of returning patients to normal life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.292.6524.879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,2]],"date-time":"2009-04-02T15:19:55Z","timestamp":1238685595000},"page":"879-882","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":133,"title":["Comparison of treatment of renal calculi by open surgery, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"292","author":[{"given":"C R","family":"Charig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D R","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S R","family":"Payne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J E","family":"Wickham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1986,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"822","article-title":"'WxchamJEA. Endoscopicmanagement of upper uninarytract atoms","volume":"72","author":"Payne, SR, Ford; T.F.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Payne SR, Ford TF, 'WxchamJEA. Endoscopicmanagement of upper uninarytract atoms. BrJ Surg 1985;72:822-4. BRITSH MCEDICAL JOURNAL voLumE 292 29,siixcft I9","journal-title":"BrJ Surg"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"702","article-title":"Ercnrporea shockwave lithotipsy: the first 5Opatiens utrated in Britain. BrMedJ7 19152W: 11II4 4 'Wickban JEA, Coe 1N, Ward JP. One kindred cases of'iprlitheosyunder-h'olsrsL","volume":"112","year":"1974","unstructured":"Wickham JEA, Webb DR, Payne SR~Kelle MJ, Wadkinson G, Whitfield HN. Ercnrporea shockwave lithotipsy: the first 5Opatiens utrated in Britain. BrMedJ7 19152W:11II4 4 'Wickban JEA, Coe 1N, Ward JP. One kindred cases of'iprlitheosyunder-h'olsrsL J Uvrol 1974;112:702-5.","journal-title":"J Uvrol"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"108","article-title":"Peruaeuo eprltooyand lihoeresis.. hn Wickhasn","volume-title":"vena swgay","author":"Wiickhmm, J.E.A.","unstructured":"Wiickhmm JEA. Peruaeuo eprltooyand lihoeresis.. hn Wickhasn JEA, Mille RA, eds. Pucuraumw vena swgay. Edinburgh: ChiurchfilLvnaue 193:108-47."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"92","article-title":"IMInagnen-tofren* somes'byulmmmic satrn","volume":"56","author":"SavageJ","year":"1914","unstructured":"SavageJ. IMInagnen-tofren* somes'byulmmmic satrn.Radiogmap*y 1914;56:92-5.-","journal-title":"Radiogmap*y"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"\"11","article-title":"Technaiquesinprcza tos removal of ressscacuLIj Urol","volume":"23","author":"ClsyzasnR","year":"1984","unstructured":"ClsyzasnR. Technaiquesinprcza tos removal of ressscacuLIj Urol 1984;23:11-9. & Chaussy C, Scheseidt E. Shockwav treatment for atone in th-e upper urinasy tract. Uvol Cue NertkAss 1913;10t743-50.","journal-title":"Uvol Cue NertkAss; Shockwav treatment for atone in th-e upper urinasy tract"},{"issue":"327-31","key":"ref_6","first-page":"\"1I\" # \"256","article-title":"Bonmic impact of kkidney stoone in white male adults","volume":"4","author":"Shusse, J.; Schiffer, R.L.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Shusse J, Schiffer RL. Bonmic impact of kkidney stoone in white male adults. Urolog 1984;4:.327-31. 1I Gardiner BRA, Norton-Morgan TC, Whitfied HN, Hendry WF, Wickham JEA. Modified lumboto mnyvru the oblique oin incision forrenal surgery. BrJ Urol 1979;52:256-9.","journal-title":"Modified lumboto mnyvru the oblique oin incision forrenal surgery; BrJ Urol"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"10","article-title":"Fimnacial analysis, persoal planning and orgmi.aionaRreuim tseoiastaflatioustakidneyliehoeripterin a urokogicaldeane, Ew Uvol","author":"MilelfeferctBiAvke, me'sFsucBhsr; yG, UrRealsrIw9i8l3ej&srupJp; l-E10e3b-6e.ger R","year":"1984","unstructured":"MilelfeferctBiAvke,me'sFsu.cBhsr;yG,UrRealsrIw9i8l3ej&srupJp,l-E10e3b-6e.ger R. Fimnacial analysis, persoal planning and orgmi.aionaRreuim tseoiastaflatioustakidneyliehoeripterin a urokogicaldeane, Ew Uvol 1984;10'.217-21."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1977.tb04538.x","article-title":"Long temfollow up of 100 cssof renal calculi","volume":"49","author":"Slight, W.; Vsckham, J.E.A.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Slight W, Vsckham JEA. Long temfollow up of 100 cssof renal calculi. BrJ Umol 1977;49: 601-4.","journal-title":"BrJ Umol"},{"key":"ref_9","article-title":"Acccnd20Februiiy 1986)","unstructured":"(Acccnd20Februiiy 1986)"},{"key":"ref_10","article-title":"In 1984 he attended a reunion at which we drew aenion to strongyloidiasis. He immediately recognised the creeping, erupting rash as being identical with his own, which occurredabout monthly and-affcted his body and ighs; it had previously been attributed to nerves. Investigations wereperformed in 1985. He did not haveappreciab bloodeosinoilia, but microscopy of stools showed scanty larvas of S stercorais. He was","volume-title":"twice daily for two weeks, and his rsh leared","year":"given mebendazole 200 mg","unstructured":"-5. In 1984 he attended a reunion at which we drew aenion to strongyloidiasis. He immediately recognised the creeping, erupting rash as being identical with his own, which occurredabout monthly and-affcted his body and ighs; it had previously been attributed to nerves. Investigations wereperformed in 1985. He did not haveappreciab bloodeosinoilia,but microscopy of stools showed scanty larvas of S stercorais. He was given mebendazole 200 mg twice daily for two weeks, and his rsh leared."}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.292.6524.879","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.292.6524.879","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T12:35:19Z","timestamp":1765542919000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.292.6524.879"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1986,3,29]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6524","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1986,3,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,3,29]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.292.6524.879"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.292.6524.879","relation":{},"ISSN":["0267-0623","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0267-0623","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-5833","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1986,3,29]]}}}