{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:57:44Z","timestamp":1777507064485,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our purpose was to study psychosocial adjustment and psychiatric morbidity of adolescents and young adults with congenital heart disease (CHD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All assessment measures were obtained on a single occasion. Clinical data was obtained through the patient's clinical records.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A teaching and tertiary care facility in Porto, Portugal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated 110 CHD patients (62 male) aged from 12 to 26\u2005years (mean=18.00\u00b13.617), 58 cyanotic. All assessment measures were obtained on a single occasion in a tertiary hospital. Demographic information and clinical history were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary and secondary outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Questionnaires regarded topics such as social support, family educational style, self-image and physical limitations, a standardised psychiatric interview Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia\u2014Lifetime version (SADS-L), and a self-report questionnaire on psychosocial adjustment, youth self-report or adult self-report. One of the relatives completed an observational version of the same questionnaire (child behaviour checklist (CBCL) or ABCL (adult behaviour checklist)).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found a 21.8% lifetime prevalence of psychopathology, 31.3%, in females, 14.5% in males, showing a somewhat increased proneness in CHD patients. Females also showed worse psychosocial adjustment, with more somatic complaints (u=260\u2005000; p=0.011), anxiety\/depression (u=984\u2005000; p=0.002), aggressive behaviour (u=920\u2005500; p=0.001), attention problems (u=1123\u2005500; p=0.027), thought problems (u=1069\u2005500; p=0.010), internalisation (u=869\u2005000; p=0.0) and externalisation (u=1163\u2005000; p=0.05). Patients with severe CHD (u=939\u2005000; p=0.03) and surgical repair (u=719\u2005000; p=0.037) showed worse psychosocial adjustment. Those with poor social support showed more withdrawal (u=557\u2005500; p=0.0) and social problems (u=748\u2005500; p=0.023), and patients with unsatisfactory school performance revealed more anxiety\/depression (u=916\u2005000; p=0.02) and attention problems (u=861\u2005500; p=0.007).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CHD males with good social support and good academic performance have a better psychosocial adjustment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,29]],"date-time":"2013-01-29T04:45:09Z","timestamp":1359434709000},"page":"e001138","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["A cohort study on psychosocial adjustment and psychopathology in adolescents and young adults with congenital heart disease"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Isabela Ribeiro","family":"Freitas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Instituto Superior de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade do Norte (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"UNIPSA, Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Psicologia e Sa\u00fade\/CICS (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Instituto Superior de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade do Norte (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"UNIPSA, Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Psicologia e Sa\u00fade\/CICS (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sofia Louren\u00e7o","family":"Sarmento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Instituto Superior de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade do Norte (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"UNIPSA, Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Psicologia e Sa\u00fade\/CICS (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Hospital S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Porto Medical School, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Cardiovascular da Faculdade de Medicina do Porto, Portugal\u00a0"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Viana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNIPSA, Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Psicologia e Sa\u00fade\/CICS (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Hospital S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Porto Medical School, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos","family":"Areias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Hospital S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Porto Medical School, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Cardiovascular da Faculdade de Medicina do Porto, Portugal\u00a0"}]},{"given":"Maria Em\u00edlia Guimar\u00e3es","family":"Areias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Instituto Superior de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade do Norte (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"CINEICC, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o do N\u00facleo de Estudos e Interven\u00e7\u00e3o Cognitivo-Comportamental, Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121220371223000_3.1.e001138.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.03.041"},{"key":"2025121220371223000_3.1.e001138.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-005-3692-z"},{"key":"2025121220371223000_3.1.e001138.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-006-0013-4"},{"key":"2025121220371223000_3.1.e001138.4","first-page":"527","article-title":"Psychological and cognitive functioning in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Karsdrop","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol"},{"key":"2025121220371223000_3.1.e001138.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-9-1"},{"key":"2025121220371223000_3.1.e001138.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2004.09.004"},{"key":"2025121220371223000_3.1.e001138.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2004.08.025"},{"key":"2025121220371223000_3.1.e001138.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehj.2004.06.025"},{"key":"2025121220371223000_3.1.e001138.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e318051542c"},{"key":"2025121220371223000_3.1.e001138.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ppedcard.2010.06.007"},{"key":"2025121220371223000_3.1.e001138.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-011-0039-0"},{"key":"2025121220371223000_3.1.e001138.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1982.04290060036007"},{"key":"2025121220371223000_3.1.e001138.13","unstructured":"Achenbach T Rescorla L . 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