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Data were extracted and analysed for quality, and linear regression models were constructed to examine the relationship between consultation length and health service outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred and seventy nine studies were identified from 111 publications covering 28 570 712 consultations in 67 countries. Average consultation length differed across the world, ranging from 48\u2009s in Bangladesh to 22.5\u2009min in Sweden. We found that 18 countries representing about 50% of the global population spend 5\u2009min or less with their primary care physicians. We also found significant associations between consultation length and healthcare spending per capita, admissions to hospital with ambulatory sensitive conditions such as diabetes, primary care physician density, physician efficiency and physician satisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There are international variations in consultation length, and it is concerning that a large proportion of the global population have only a few minutes with their primary care physicians. 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