{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T14:01:02Z","timestamp":1776348062661,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Develop and validate a WHO Standards-based online questionnaire to measure the quality of maternal and newborn care (QMNC) around the time of childbirth from the health workers\u2019 perspective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mixed-methods study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six countries of the WHO European Region.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The questionnaire is based on lessons learnt in previous studies, and was developed in three sequential phases: (1) WHO Quality Measures were prioritised and content, construct and face validity were assessed through a Delphi involving a multidisciplinary board of experts from 11 countries of the WHO European Region; (2) translation\/back translation of the English version was conducted following The Professional Society for Health Economics and Outcomes Research guidelines; (3) internal consistency, intrarater reliability and acceptability were assessed among 600 health workers in six countries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The questionnaire included 40 items based on WHO Standards Quality Measures, equally divided into four domains: provision of care, experience of care, availability of human and physical resources, organisational changes due to COVID-19; and its organised in six sections. It was translated\/back translated in 12 languages: Bosnian, Croatian, French, German, Italian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovenian, Spanish and Swedish. The Cronbach\u2019s alpha values were \u22650.70 for each questionnaire section where questions were hypothesised to be interrelated, indicating good internal consistence. Cohen K or Gwet\u2019s AC1 values were \u22650.60, suggesting good intrarater reliability, except for one question. Acceptability was good with only 1.70% of health workers requesting minimal changes in question wording.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Findings suggest that the questionnaire has good content, construct, face validity, internal consistency, intrarater reliability and acceptability in six countries of the WHO European Region. Future studies may further explore the questionnaire\u2019s use in other countries, and how to translate evidence generated by this tool into policies to improve the QMNC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trail registration number<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" xlink:href=\"NCT04847336\">NCT04847336<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-056753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T16:01:06Z","timestamp":1649433666000},"page":"e056753","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["WHO Standards-based questionnaire to measure health workers\u2019 perspective on the quality of care around the time of childbirth in the WHO European region: development and mixed-methods validation in six countries"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct04847336","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4741-4628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuelle Pessa","family":"Valente","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Benedetta","family":"Covi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8260-4788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Mariani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Morano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0829-0562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Otelea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ioana","family":"Nanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Micaela Iuliana","family":"Nanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0000-0476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen","family":"Elden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2792-3142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Linden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mehreen","family":"Zaigham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eline Skirnisdottir","family":"Vik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sigrun","family":"Kongslien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ingvild","family":"Nedberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1720-2808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carina","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helo\u00edsa","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Drandi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Kurbanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Sacks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Moise","family":"Muzigaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ornella","family":"Lincetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8608-2198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marzia","family":"Lazzerini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Every woman every child. Global strategy for women\u2019s, children\u2019s and adolescents health 2016\u20132030, 2016. Available: http:\/\/www.who.int\/life-course\/partners\/global-strategy\/global-strategy-2016\u20132030\/en\/ [Accessed 14 Apr 2021]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.2","unstructured":"United Nations . The Global Strategy for Women\u2019s, Children\u2019s and Adolescents\u2019 Health (2016-2030). Every Woman Every Child, 2015. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/life-course\/partners\/global-strategy\/globalstrategyreport2016-2030-lowres.pdf [Accessed 14 Apr 2021]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.3","unstructured":"The White Ribbon Alliance . Respectful maternity care charter: universal rights of women and newborns, 2021. Available: https:\/\/www.whiteribbonalliance.org\/rmcresources\/ [Accessed 14 Apr 2021]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62267-2"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001847"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.6","unstructured":"Euro-Peristat Project . European perinatal health report. core indicators of the health and care of pregnant women and babies in Europe in 2015, 2015. Available: https:\/\/www.europeristat.com\/images\/EPHR2015_web_hyperlinked_Euro-Peristat.pdf [Accessed 14 Apr 2021]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2015.09.006","article-title":"Human rights in maternity care","volume":"31","author":"Prochaska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31527-6"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31333-2"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.10","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Health inequity and the effects of COVID-19: assessing, responding to and mitigating the socioeconomic impact on health to build a better future, 2020. Available: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/338199"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"OECD\/European Union . Health at a glance: Europe 2020: state of health in the EU cycle, 2020. Available: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1787\/82129230-en. [Accessed 27 Apr 2021].","DOI":"10.1787\/82129230-en"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.12","unstructured":"World Health Organisation . Operational guidance for maintaining essential health services during an outbreak, 2020. Available: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/331561\/WHO-2019-nCoV-essential_health_services-2020.1-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y [Accessed 27 Apr 2021]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2020-002967"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61424-0","article-title":"Physician wellness: a missing quality indicator","volume":"374","author":"Wallace","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-042555"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e759","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(21)00079-6","article-title":"Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Chmielewska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48-56","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13793","article-title":"Differential impact of COVID-19 in pregnant women from high-income countries and low- to middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"155","author":"Gajbhiye","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.1050","article-title":"Maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality among pregnant women with and without COVID-19 infection: the INTERCOVID multinational cohort study","volume":"175","author":"Villar","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e247","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30078-5","article-title":"COVID and the convergence of three crises in Europe","volume":"5","author":"Bozorgmehr","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1075"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1177\/0020731421994840","article-title":"COVID-19: a comprehensive review of epidemiology and public health system response in Nordic region","volume":"51","author":"Nanda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Health Serv"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13451"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.23","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Standards for improving quality of maternal and newborn care in health facilities, 2016. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/maternal_child_adolescent\/documents\/improving-maternal-newborn-care-quality\/en\/ [Accessed 14 Apr 2021]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.24","unstructured":"Word Health Organization . Improving health worker performance: in search of promising practices. Evidence and information for policy, department of human resources for health, 2006. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/hrh\/resources\/improving_hw_performance.pdf [Accessed 12 Jul 2021]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.25","unstructured":"Word Health Organization . Health 2020. A European policy framework and strategy for the 21st century, 2013. Available: http:\/\/www. euro.who. int\/ en\/ publications\/ policy- documents\/ health- 2020.- a- europeanpolicy-framework- and- strategy- for- the- 21st- century- 2013 [Accessed 27 Apr 2021]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.26","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Global strategy on human resources for health: workforce 2030, 2016:. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/hrh\/resources\/global_strategy_workforce2030_14_print.pdf?ua=1 [Accessed 27 Apr 2021]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60755-3","article-title":"What is a resilient health system? lessons from Ebola","volume":"385","author":"Kruk","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12992-015-0117-9"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjoq-2018-000525"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-048195"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lazzerini M , Mariani I , de MeloELima TR . WHO standards-based tools to measure service providers\u2019 and service users\u2019 views on the quality of hospital child care: development and validation in Italy. BMJ Open 2021:e052115.doi:10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-052115","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-052115"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-037063"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-020-02893-0","article-title":"Women's suggestions on how to improve the quality of maternal and newborn hospital care: a qualitative study in Italy using the who standards as framework for the analysis","volume":"20","author":"Lazzerini","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.34","article-title":"Quality of facility-based maternal and newborn care around the time of childbirth during the COVID-19 pandemic: online survey investigating maternal perspectives in 12 countries of the who European region","volume":"13","author":"Lazzerini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Eur"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Streiner DL , Norman GR , Cairney J . Health measurement scales: a practical guide to their development and use. 5 edn. Oxford University Press, 2014.","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780199685219.001.0001"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2006.03.012"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sja.SJA_203_17: 10.4103\/sja.SJA_203_17"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.38","first-page":"28","article-title":"Validity and reliability of the research instrument; how to test the validation of a Questionnaire\/Survey in a research","volume":"19","author":"Taherdoost","year":"2016","journal-title":"SSRN Electronic Journal"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-13-108","article-title":"Measures of satisfaction with care during labour and birth: a comparative review","volume":"13","author":"Sawyer","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2005.04054.x"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmg509","article-title":"Using the Internet to conduct surveys of health professionals: a valid alternative?","volume":"20","author":"Braithwaite","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fam Pract"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0163278707300634"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.43","unstructured":"Audibert C , Glass D , Johnson TP . Method and transparency of online physician surveys: an overview. survey methods: insights from the field, 2020."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.44","unstructured":"World Health organization . Considerations for public health and social measures in the workplace in the context of COVID-19, 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications-detail\/considerations-for-public-health-and-social-measures-in-the-workplace-in-the-context-of-covid-19"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.45","unstructured":"WHO . Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) when COVID-19 disease is suspected. interim guidance, 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications-detail\/clinical-management-of-severe-acute-respiratory-infection-when-novel-coronavirus-(ncov)-infection-is-suspected"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.46","unstructured":"World Health organization . Addressing human rights as key to the COVID-19 response, 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/addressing-human-rights-as-key-to-the-covid-19-response [Accessed 28 Apr 2021]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.47","unstructured":"World Health organization . Gender and COVID-19: advocacy brief, 14 may 2020, 2020. Available: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/332080"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.48","unstructured":"World Health organization . Pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding and COVID-19, 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/reproductivehealth\/publications\/emergencies\/COVID-19-pregnancy-ipc-breastfeeding-infographics\/en\/ [Accessed 16 Apr 2020]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.49","unstructured":"World Health organization . Q&A on COVID-19, pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/q-a-detail\/q-a-on-covid-19-pregnancy-childbirth-and-breastfeeding [Accessed 16 Apr 2020]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.50","unstructured":"World Health organization . Frequently asked questions: breastfeeding and COVID-19For health care workers. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/docs\/default-source\/maternal-health\/faqs-breastfeeding-and-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=d839e6c0_1 [Accessed 29 Apr 2020]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.51","unstructured":"World Health organization . Maintaining essential health services: operational guidance for the COVID-19 contextInterim guidance, 2020. Available: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/332240"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.52","unstructured":"International Confederation of midwives protecting midwives to sustain care for women, newborns, and their families in the COVID-19 pandemic. joint statement, 2020. Available: http:\/\/www.internationalmidwives.org\/assets\/files\/news-files\/2020\/05\/call-to-action-5eb0b4ee47deb.pdf"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.53","unstructured":"International Confederation of Midwives . The Hague; 2020. Women\u2019s rights in childbirth must be upheld during the coronavirus epidemic. Available: http:\/\/www.internationalmidwives.org\/assets\/files\/news-files\/2020\/03\/icm-statement_upholding-womens-rights-during-covid19-5e83ae2ebfe59.pdf"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.54","unstructured":"International Confederation of Midwives . Protecting midwives to sustain care for women, newborns and their families in the COVID-19 pandemic. global call to action, 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.internationalmidwives.org\/assets\/files\/news- files\/2020\/05\/call- to- action- 5eb0b4ee47deb.pdf"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.55","unstructured":"NSW Health . COVID-19: information for women accessing maternity services. Available: https:\/\/nnswlhd.health.nsw.gov.au\/kids-families-health-services\/pregnancy-birth-newborn-services\/covid-19-information-for-women-accessing-maternity-services\/ [Accessed 16 Apr 2020]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.56","unstructured":"Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0. Epicentro . COVID-19 in gravidanza, parto e allattamento. Available: https:\/\/www.epicentro.iss.it\/coronavirus\/sars-cov-2-gravidanza-parto-allattamento [Accessed 28 Apr 2020]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.57","unstructured":"SIN. ALLATTAMENTO e INFEZIONE da SARS-CoV-2 (Coronavirus Disease 2019 - COVID-19). Indicazioni ad interim della Societ Italiana di Neonatologia (SIN) Versione 2. 22 marzo, 2020. Available: https:\/\/sip.it\/2020\/05\/14\/allattamento-e-gestione-del-neonato-in-corso-di-pandemia-da-sars-cov-2-indicazioni-ad-interim-della-societa-italiana-di-neonatologia-sin\/ [Accessed 03 Apr 2020]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.58","unstructured":"Giusti A , Zambri F , Marchetti F , et al . Indicazioni ad interim per gravidanza, parto, allattamento e cura dei piccolissimi di 0-2 anni in risposta all\u2019emergenza COVID-19. Versione 31 maggio 2020. Roma: Istituto Superiore di Sanit, 2020 (Rapporto ISS COVID-19 n. 45\/2020)."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273-286","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13156","article-title":"Global interim guidance on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during pregnancy and puerperium from FIGO and allied partners: information for healthcare professionals","volume":"149","author":"Poon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.60","unstructured":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, The Royal College of Midwives UK, Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Royal College of Anaesthetists & Obstetric Anaesthetists\u2019 Association . Coronavirus (COVID-19) infection in pregnancy information for healthcare professionals version 9, 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.rcog.org.uk\/guidance\/coronavirus-covid-19-pregnancy-and-women-s-health\/coronavirus-covid-19-infection-in-pregnancy\/"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.61","unstructured":"Birthrights . Human rights charity calls for protection of UK women in childbirth during national emergency. statement, 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.birthrights.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Final-Covid-19-Birthrights-31.3.20.pdf"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.62","first-page":"8","article-title":"Respectful midwifery care during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"4","author":"Vivilaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Midwifery"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(20)30108-5","article-title":"Delayed access or provision of care in Italy resulting from fear of COVID-19","volume":"4","author":"Lazzerini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2468-2667(20)30060-8"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e96","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30403-0","article-title":"Person-Centred maternity care in low-income and middle-income countries: analysis of data from Kenya, Ghana, and India","volume":"7","author":"Afulani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2017.01.005","article-title":"The mothers on respect (MOR) index: measuring quality, safety, and human rights in childbirth","volume":"3","author":"Vedam","year":"2017","journal-title":"SSM Popul Health"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0171804"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5116\/ijme.4dfb.8dfd"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001316446002000104"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.2174\/1874434601711010211","article-title":"High agreement and high prevalence: the paradox of Cohen's kappa","volume":"11","author":"Zec","year":"2017","journal-title":"Open Nurs J"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(90)90158-L"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2207","DOI":"10.4236\/psych.2018.98126","article-title":"Applied Psychometrics: sample size and sample power considerations in factor analysis (EFA, CFA) and SEM in general","volume":"09","author":"Kyriazos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychology"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2753.2010.01434.x"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.75","unstructured":"World Health organization . Hospital care for mothers and newborn babies quality assessment and improvement tool, 2014. Available: https:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/en\/health-topics\/Life-stages\/maternal-and-newborn-health\/publications\/2014\/hospital-care-for-mothers-and-newborn-babies-quality-assessment-and-improvement-tool[Accessed 15 Jul 2021]."},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-021-01601-4","article-title":"Dental practice closure during the first wave of COVID-19 and associated professional, practice and structural determinants: a multi-country survey","volume":"21","author":"Abdelrahman","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17082798","article-title":"Personal safety during the COVID-19 pandemic: realities and perspectives of healthcare workers in Latin America","volume":"17","author":"Delgado","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.16.180190"},{"key":"2023071806150532000_12.4.e056753.79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-018-0784-z","article-title":"Engaging patients to improve quality of care: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Bombard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Implementation Sci"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-056753","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T13:16:39Z","timestamp":1689686199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-056753"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-056753"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-056753","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}}}