{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T04:55:32Z","timestamp":1775710532973,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715904000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Commision H2020","award":["964049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["964049"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to map and compare stakeholders\u2019 perceptions of barriers towards cervical cancer screening for vulnerable women in seven European countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Collaborative User Boards, stakeholders were invited to participate to identify barriers towards participation in cervical cancer screening.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study is nested in the European Union-funded project CBIG-SCREEN which aims to tackle inequity in cervical cancer screening for vulnerable women (\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"www.cbig-screen.eu\">www.cbig-screen.eu<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ). Data collection took place in Bulgaria, Denmark, Estonia, France, Italy, Portugal and Romania.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants represented micro-level stakeholders covering representatives of users, that is, vulnerable women, meso-level stakeholders covering healthcare professionals and social workers, and macro-level stakeholders covering programme managers and decision-makers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Across the seven countries, 25 meetings in Collaborative User Boards with a duration of 2\u2009hours took place between October 2021 and June 2022. The meetings were video recorded or audio recorded, transcribed and translated into English for a qualitative framework analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>120 participants took part in the Collaborative User Boards. Context-specific barriers were related to different healthcare systems and characteristics of vulnerable populations. In Romania and Bulgaria, the lack of a continuous screening effort and lack of ways to identify eligible women were identified as barriers for all women rather than being specific for women in vulnerable situations. The participants in Denmark, Estonia, France, Italy and Portugal identified providers\u2019 lack of cultural and social sensitivity towards vulnerable women as barriers. In all countries, vulnerable women\u2019s fear, shame and lack of priority to preventive healthcare were identified as psychological barriers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study provides an overview of stakeholders\u2019 perceived barriers towards vulnerable women\u2019s cervical cancer screening participation in seven European countries. The organisation of healthcare systems and the maturity of screening programmes differ between countries, while vulnerable women\u2019s psychological barriers had several similarities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-079921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T12:05:44Z","timestamp":1715947544000},"page":"e079921","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["What are the barriers towards cervical cancer screening for vulnerable women? A qualitative comparative analysis of stakeholder perspectives in seven European countries"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0924-1057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rikke Buus","family":"B\u00f8je","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Research Clinic for Cancer Screening, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0028-1837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Bardou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIC-P INSERM 1432, Institut national de la sant\u00e9 et de la recherche m\u00e9dicale, Paris, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0486-196X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keitly","family":"Mensah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, IARC, Lyon, 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