{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T21:34:05Z","timestamp":1764884045596,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762992000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme","award":["101137237 XR2ESILIENCE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101137237 XR2ESILIENCE"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Healthcare workers (HCWs) report overwhelming demands and experience crisis levels of burnout and unique challenges that further impair their mental health. Promotion of mental health among HCWs using information and communication technology (ICT) has received little empirical research attention and interventions for improving mental health resilience in HCWs are not well established.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Scoping review to map existing evidence and identify gaps for future research regarding the main barriers and facilitators of the acceptance of ICT-based interventions for improving resilience and mental health among HCWs working in all healthcare settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This protocol was developed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. A comprehensive bibliographic search will be conducted between October 2024 and October 2025 in Pubmed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, Cochrane Library and CINAHL Ultimate (MedicLatina, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection), with the assistance of a qualified research librarian, to retrieve studies describing data on the main barriers and facilitators to the acceptance of ICT-based interventions for improving resilience and mental health among HCWs working in healthcare settings. There will be no restrictions based on date of publication or language. Inclusion and exclusion criteria will be defined for each element of the PICO(D) framework, and both quantitative and qualitative data will be extracted. Quality will be assessed using the mixed methods assessment tool. Two independent investigators will perform the eligibility assessment and data extraction, and any disagreements will be resolved by a third reviewer. The main results will be narratively synthesised and analysed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Since secondary data will be analysed, no ethical approval is required. The results will be disseminated through publications subject to peer review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17605\/OSF.IO\/5R36Q\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17605\/OSF.IO\/5R36Q<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-097330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T13:00:16Z","timestamp":1763038816000},"page":"e097330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["What are the barriers and facilitators to the acceptance of information and communication technology-based interventions for improving resilience and mental health of healthcare workers: a scoping review protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7738-0887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabete","family":"Alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department, University of \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), University of \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"LA REAL - Associated Laboratory in Translation and Innovation towards Global Health, University of \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SOCIUS\/CSG, ISEG (Lisbon School of Economics and Management), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9sar","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department, University of \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), University of \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"LA REAL - Associated Laboratory in Translation and Innovation towards Global Health, University of \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7554-8041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department, University of \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), University of \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"LA REAL - Associated Laboratory in Translation and Innovation towards Global Health, University of \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SOCIUS\/CSG, ISEG (Lisbon School of Economics and Management), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Dalkner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7906-698X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Barach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jefferson College of Population Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"},{"name":"Sigmund Freud University, Graz, Austria"}]},{"given":"Frans","family":"Folkvord","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PredictBy Research and Consulting, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Tilburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Jim Ingebretsen","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PredictBy Research and Consulting, Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Reininghaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Wessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology and Psychological Resilience Research, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany"},{"name":"Division of Cancer Survivorship and Psychological Resilience, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Prinzellner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Digital Health and Social Innovation, University of Applied Sciences St.P\u00f6lten, St.P\u00f6lten, Austria"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Digital Health and Social Innovation, University of Applied Sciences St.P\u00f6lten, St.P\u00f6lten, Austria"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Turk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Digital Health and Social Innovation, University of Applied Sciences St.P\u00f6lten, St.P\u00f6lten, Austria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1174-0744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara Guedes","family":"de Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department, University of \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), University of \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"LA REAL - Associated Laboratory in Translation and Innovation towards Global Health, University of \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2021.104002"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0305713","article-title":"Burnout and quality of life among healthcare workers in central Uganda","volume":"19","author":"Kabunga","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-89700-8","article-title":"Global prevalence of mental health issues among the general population during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Nochaiwong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43045-023-00315-3"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00395-3","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of 12 mental disorders in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"9","author":"Collaborators","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.567381","article-title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Mental Health Problems Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"12","author":"Hao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.804525","article-title":"COVID-19 Pandemic and Overall Mental Health of Healthcare Professionals Globally: A Meta-Review of Systematic Reviews","volume":"12","author":"Chutiyami","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blasco-Belled A , Tejada-Gallardo C , Fatsini-Prats M , et al . Mental health among the general population and healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis of well-being and psychological distress prevalence. Curr Psychol 2022;1\u201312. doi:10.1007\/s12144-022-02913-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-022-02913-6"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0159015","article-title":"Healthcare Staff Wellbeing, Burnout, and Patient Safety: A Systematic Review","volume":"11","author":"Hall","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191610112","article-title":"Primary Care, Burnout, and Patient Safety: Way to Eliminate Avoidable Harm","volume":"19","author":"Nishimura","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-06279-6","article-title":"Workplace factors associated with mental health of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: an international cross-sectional study","volume":"21","author":"Khajuria","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3691","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S464285","article-title":"Health Workers\u2019 Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Resilience During COVID-19 Pandemic","volume":"17","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Multidiscip Healthc"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.05.039","article-title":"Physical and stressful psychological impacts of prolonged personal protective equipment use during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey study","volume":"16","author":"Candido","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1159\/000513733","article-title":"What We Have Learned from Two Decades of Epidemics and Pandemics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Psychological Burden of Frontline Healthcare Workers","volume":"90","author":"Busch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1097\/NNA.0000000000001111","article-title":"Resilience, Moral Distress, and Job Satisfaction Driving Engagement in Emergency Department Nurses: A Qualitative Analysis","volume":"52","author":"Clark","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Nurs Adm"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.15175"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1177\/10398562241261818","article-title":"Healthcare provider data breaches \u2013 framework for crisis communication and support of patients and healthcare workers in mental healthcare","volume":"32","author":"Looi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Australas Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.18","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Health Promotion Glossary of Terms 2021. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2021."},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.15171\/ijhpm.2018.06","article-title":"What Is Resilience and How Can It Be Nurtured? A Systematic Review of Empirical Literature on Organizational Resilience","volume":"7","author":"Barasa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Health Policy Manag"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X1400082X","article-title":"A conceptual framework for the neurobiological study of resilience","volume":"38","author":"Kalisch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behav Brain Sci"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.3154","article-title":"Digital training for building resilience: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression","volume":"38","author":"Ang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stress Health"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1111\/jonm.13558","article-title":"Global prevalence of resilience in health care professionals: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression","volume":"30","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Nurs Manag"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.30773\/pi.2021.0307","article-title":"Mental Health and Quality of Life for Healthcare Workers in a University Hospital Under COVID-19","volume":"19","author":"Choi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychiatry Investig"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.12710","article-title":"The hand-brain-heart connection: ICU nurses\u2019 experience of managing patient safety during COVID-19","volume":"27","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nurs Crit Care"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-10054-0","article-title":"Opportunities to strengthen resilience of health care workers regarding patient safety","volume":"23","author":"Pacutova","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19116545","article-title":"Individual Stress Burden and Mental Health in Health Care Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Moderating and Mediating Effects of Resilience","volume":"19","author":"Schmuck","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0296798","article-title":"Stress and burnout amongst mental health professionals in Singapore during Covid-19 endemicity","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2022.104312","article-title":"Interventions to foster resilience in nursing staff: A systematic review and meta-analyses of pre-pandemic evidence","volume":"134","author":"Kunzler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.29","article-title":"Interventions to support the resilience and mental health of frontline health and social care professionals during and after a disease outbreak, epidemic or pandemic: a mixed methods systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Pollock","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2024.105566","article-title":"Evaluating GenAI systems to combat mental health issues in healthcare workers: An integrative literature review","volume":"191","author":"Levin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Med Inform"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/34230","article-title":"Examining the Effectiveness of Web-Based Interventions to Enhance Resilience in Health Care Professionals: Systematic Review","volume":"8","author":"Henshall","year":"2022","journal-title":"JMIR Med Educ"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.03.013"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-018-0611-x","article-title":"Systematic review or scoping review? Guidance for authors when choosing between a systematic or scoping review approach","volume":"18","author":"Munn","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.36","unstructured":"Melnyk BM , Fineout-Overholt E . Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing & Healthcare: A Guide to Best Practice. 4th edn. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer\/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2019."},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.37","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Classifying Health Workers: Mapping Occupations to the International Standard Classification. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2019."},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasmussen SA , Goodman RA . The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. New York: Oxford University Press, 2019.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780190933692.001.0001"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/EFI-180221"},{"key":"2025120413271231000_15.11.e097330.40","first-page":"2e34","article-title":"An overview of content analysis in practical assessment","volume":"7","author":"Stemler","year":"2001","journal-title":"Res Eval"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-097330","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T21:29:12Z","timestamp":1764883752000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-097330"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-097330"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-097330","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2044-6055"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2044-6055"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}}}