{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T14:26:48Z","timestamp":1778768808944,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus Sci Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although an early decrease in proteinuria has been correlated with good long-term renal outcome in lupus nephritis (LN), studies aimed at defining a cut-off proteinuria value are missing, except a recent analysis performed on patients randomised in the Euro-Lupus Nephritis Trial, demonstrating that a target value of 0.8\u2005g\/day at month 12 optimised sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of good renal outcome. The objective of the current work is to validate this target in another LN study, namely the <jats:italic>MAINTAIN Nephritis Trial<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>MNT<\/jats:italic>).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Long-term (at least 7\u2005years) renal function data were available for 90 patients randomised in the <jats:italic>MNT<\/jats:italic>. Receiver operating characteristic curves were built to test the performance of proteinuria measured within the 1st year as short-term predictor of long-term renal outcome. We calculated the positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After 12\u2005months of treatment, achievement of a proteinuria &lt;0.7\u2005g\/day best predicted good renal outcome, with a sensitivity and a specificity of 71% and 75%, respectively. The PPV was high (94%) but the NPV low (29%). Addition of the requirement of urine red blood cells \u22645\/hpf as response criteria at month 12 reduced sensitivity from 71% to 41%.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this cohort of mainly Caucasian patients suffering from a first episode of LN in most cases, achievement of a proteinuria &lt;0.7\u2005g\/day at month 12 best predicts good outcome at 7\u2005years and inclusion of haematuria in the set of criteria at month 12 undermines the sensitivity of early proteinuria decrease for the prediction of good outcome. The robustness of these conclusions stems from the very similar results obtained in two distinct LN cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Trial registration number:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>NCT00204022.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2015-000123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,12]],"date-time":"2015-11-12T21:19:05Z","timestamp":1447363145000},"page":"e000123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":214,"title":["A proteinuria cut-off level of 0.7\u2005g\/day after 12\u2005months of treatment best predicts long-term renal outcome in lupus nephritis: data from the <i>MAINTAIN Nephritis Trial<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Farah","family":"Tamirou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, P\u00f4le de Pathologies Rhumatismales Inflammatoires et Syst\u00e9miques, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Bernard R","family":"Lauwerys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, P\u00f4le de Pathologies Rhumatismales Inflammatoires et Syst\u00e9miques, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Dall'Era","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Russell\/Engelman Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"}]},{"given":"Meggan","family":"Mackay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA"}]},{"given":"Brad","family":"Rovin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA"}]},{"given":"Ricard","family":"Cervera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric A","family":"Houssiau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, P\u00f4le de Pathologies Rhumatismales Inflammatoires et Syst\u00e9miques, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025091511172682000_2.1.e000123.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30293"},{"key":"2025091511172682000_2.1.e000123.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20666"},{"key":"2025091511172682000_2.1.e000123.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.102533"},{"key":"2025091511172682000_2.1.e000123.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gft201"},{"key":"2025091511172682000_2.1.e000123.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tamirou F , D'Cruz D , Sangle S , et al . Long-term follow-up of the MAINTAIN Nephritis Trial, comparing azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil as maintenance therapy of lupus nephritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2015;\u25aa\u25aa\u25aa. doi:10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206897","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206897"},{"key":"2025091511172682000_2.1.e000123.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39026"},{"key":"2025091511172682000_2.1.e000123.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.131995"},{"key":"2025091511172682000_2.1.e000123.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21625"},{"key":"2025091511172682000_2.1.e000123.9","first-page":"1955","article-title":"Accrual of organ damage over time in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"30","author":"Gladman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025091511172682000_2.1.e000123.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.080828"}],"container-title":["Lupus Science &amp; Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/lupus-2015-000123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T18:17:32Z","timestamp":1757960252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/lupus.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/lupus-2015-000123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/lupus-2015-000123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/lupus-2015-000123","relation":{},"ISSN":["2053-8790"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2053-8790","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}}}