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In addition, it is shown that the original condition with controllers can be reformulated such that it does not depend on the form of the chosen controllers, which implies that the vertices with very large out-degrees may be pinned. Then, a criterion for achieving synchronization on networks with a directed spanning tree, which can be composed of many strongly connected components, is derived. It is found that the strongly connected components with very few connections from other components should be controlled and the components with many connections from other components can achieve synchronization even without controls. Moreover, a simple but effective pinning algorithm for reaching synchronization on a general complex dynamical network is proposed. Finally, some simulation examples are given to verify the proposed pinning scheme.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1137\/100781699","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,3]],"date-time":"2013-04-03T16:04:51Z","timestamp":1365005091000},"page":"1395-1416","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":362,"title":["Synchronization via Pinning Control on General Complex Networks"],"prefix":"10.1137","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Wenwu","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanrong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinhu","family":"L\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Kurths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"351","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2008.09.002"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0370-1573(02)00137-0"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5439.509"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. 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