{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T13:24:44Z","timestamp":1761744284620,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cdnsciencepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Excess body weight leads to a variety of metabolic changes and increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in adulthood. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of risk markers for CVD among Brazilian adolescents of normal weight and with excess body weight. The markers included blood pressure, C-reactive protein, homocysteine, tumor necrosis factor alpha, fibrinogen, fasting insulin and glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), leptin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and triglycerides. We calculated odds ratios (OR) using logistic regression and adjusted for potential confounders such as age, sex, physical activity, and socioeconomic background. Compared with normal weight subjects, overweight\/obese adolescents were more likely to have higher systolic blood pressure (OR = 3.49, p &lt; 0.001), fasting insulin (OR = 8.03, p &lt; 0.001), HOMA-IR (OR = 8.03, p &lt; 0.001), leptin (OR = 5.55, p &lt; 0.001), and LDL-c (OR = 5.50, p &lt; 0.001) and lower serum HDL-c concentrations (OR = 2.76, p = 0.004). After adjustment for confounders, the estimates did not change substantially, except for leptin for which the risk associated with overweight increased to 11.09 (95% CI: 4.05\u201330.35). In conclusion, excess body weight in adolescents exhibits strong associations with several markers that are established as causes of CVD in adults. This observation stresses the importance of primary prevention and of maintaining a healthy body weight throughout adolescence to reduce the global burden of CVD. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2015-0632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,19]],"date-time":"2016-02-19T00:18:22Z","timestamp":1455841102000},"page":"659-665","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/csp-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Cardiometabolic risk markers of normal weight and excess body weight in Brazilian adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Silmara Salete de Barros Silva","family":"Mastroeni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, University of Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, no. 10, Joinville, 89219-710, Brazil."},{"name":"Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-50 University Terrace, 8303 \u2013 112 St., Edmonton, AB T6G 2T4, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco Fabio","family":"Mastroeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-50 University Terrace, 8303 \u2013 112 St., Edmonton, AB T6G 2T4, Canada."},{"name":"Post-graduation Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, no. 10, Joinville, 89219-710, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muryel de Carvalho","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, no. 10, Joinville, 89219-710, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guilherme","family":"Debortoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, no. 10, Joinville, 89219-710, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nilza Nunes","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Av. 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