{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T22:29:26Z","timestamp":1789770566459,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572566400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cdnsciencepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Elevated concentration of homocysteine has been identified as an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease and is frequently associated with oxidative stress. Moreover, studies have shown that people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) present elevated concentration of homocysteine and oxidative stress compared with people without HIV. Our purpose was to describe blood homocysteine and oxidative stress markers in PLHIV and those without HIV infection, and to examine the effects of a 16-week combined training exercise program (CTE) on oxidative stress and homocysteine concentrations of PLHIV. We included 49 PLHIV (21 men, 28 women) and 33 people without HIV infection (13 men, 20 women). After baseline evaluations, 30 PLHIV were randomized to either CTE (trained group, n = 18) or the control group (n = 12); CTE consisted of aerobic and strength exercise sessions during 16 weeks, 3 times a week. Plasma homocysteine, oxidative damage markers, folate, and vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> were assessed pre- and post-training and by hyperhomocysteinemia (homocysteine \u2265 15 \u03bcmol\/L) status. At baseline, PLHIV had higher levels of homocysteine and malondialdehyde, as well as reduced circulating folate when compared with people without HIV infection. CTE resulted in a 32% reduction (p &lt; 0.05) in homocysteine concentration and a reduction in lipid hydroperoxide in PLHIV with hyperhomocysteinemia, which was not observed in those without hyperhomocysteinemia. Hyperhomocysteinemic participants experienced a 5.6 \u00b1 3.2 \u03bcmol\/L reduction in homocysteine after CTE. In summary, 16 weeks of CTE was able to decrease elevated homocysteine concentration and enhance redox balance of PLHIV with hyperhomocysteinemia, which could improve their cardiovascular risk. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2018-0734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]],"date-time":"2019-03-12T21:36:21Z","timestamp":1552426581000},"page":"1165-1171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/csp-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Homocysteine-lowering exercise effect is greater in hyperhomocysteinemic people living with HIV: a randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Vitor H.F.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR 86057-900, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1via Troncon","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Filad\u00e9lfia University, Londrina, PR 87020-900, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Wiechmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital, Institute of Health Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR 86057-900, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arg\u00e9ria Maria Serraglio","family":"Narciso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital, Institute of Health Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR 86057-900, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison R.","family":"Webel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7343, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solange Marta","family":"Franz\u00f3i de Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1, PR 87020-900, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Deminice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR 86057-900, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"155","reference":[{"key":"refg1\/ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/376459"},{"key":"refg2\/ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138161211798764951"},{"issue":"6","key":"refg3\/ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16365","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/136.6.1636S","volume":"136","author":"Brosnan J.","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. 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