{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T09:24:19Z","timestamp":1772961859564,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cdnsciencepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The perception of dyspnea is influenced by both physiological and psychological factors. We sought to determine whether exertional dyspnea perception could be experimentally manipulated through prior exposure to heightened dyspnea while exercising. We hypothesized that dyspnea perception during exercise would be lower following an induced dyspnea task (IDT). Sixteen healthy participants (eight females, eight males) completed two days of exercise testing. Day\u20091 involved an incremental cycle exercise test starting at 40\u2009W for females and 60\u2009W for males, increasing by 20\u2009W each minute until volitional exhaustion. Following the maximal exercise test on Day\u20091, participants completed IDT, involving 5\u2009min of exercise at 70% of peak work rate with 500\u2009mL dead space and external resistance (i.e., 6.8\u2009\u00b1\u20092.3\u2009cm\u00b7H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O\u00b7s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> inspiration, 3.8\u2009\u00b1\u20090.7\u2009cm\u00b7H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O\u00b7s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> expiration). Day\u20092 consisted of an incremental exercise test identical to Day\u20091. At maximal exercise, there were no differences in oxygen uptake (V\u0307O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>; 44.7\u2009\u00b1\u20097.7\u00a0vs. 46.5\u2009\u00b1\u20096.3\u2009mL\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00b7min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), minute ventilation (120\u2009\u00b1\u200935\u00a0vs. 127\u2009\u00b1\u200938 L\u00b7min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), dyspnea (6.5 [4, 8.5] vs. 6 [4.25, 8.75]), or leg discomfort (6 [5, 8.75] vs. 7 [5, 9]) between days (all p\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). At 60%\u201380% of peak V\u0307O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (V\u0307O<jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>), dyspnea was significantly lower on Day\u20092 (\u22120.75 [\u22121.375, 0] for 60% and \u22120.5 [0, \u22122] for 80%, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) despite no differences in relevant physiological variables. The onset of perceived dyspnea occurred at a significantly higher exercise intensity on Day\u20092 than on Day\u20091 (42%\u2009\u00b1\u200919%\u00a0vs. 51%\u2009\u00b1\u200917% V\u0307O<jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>, respectively; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Except for 40% V\u0307O<jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub> ( p\u2009=\u20090.05), RPE-L was not different at any intensities nor was the onset of perceived leg discomfort different between days (38%\u2009\u00b1\u200914%\u00a0vs. 43%\u2009\u00b1\u200910% V\u0307O<jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>, respectively; p\u2009=\u20090.10). Exposure to heightened dyspnea alters exercise-induced dyspnea perception during subsequent submaximal exercise bouts. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2022-0362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T21:36:12Z","timestamp":1679607372000},"page":"514-525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/csp-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Perception of exercise-induced dyspnea after experimentally induced breathing discomfort"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Jou-Chung","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo","place":["Waterloo, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Angus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo","place":["Waterloo, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Connor J.","family":"Doherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo","place":["Waterloo, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin P.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo","place":["Waterloo, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leah M.","family":"Mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo","place":["Waterloo, 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