{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T22:22:26Z","timestamp":1793917346690,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Georgia Department of Kinesiology"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007699","name":"University of Georgia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007699","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cdnsciencepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The influence of menstrual cycle phase and fitness status on metabolism during high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) was assessed. Twenty-five females (24.4 (3.6) years) were categorized by normal menstrual cycle ( n\u00a0=\u00a014) vs. oral contraceptive (OC) use ( n\u00a0=\u00a011) and by aerobic fitness, high-fitness females (HFF; n\u00a0=\u00a013) vs. low-fitness females (LFF; n\u00a0=\u00a012). HIIE was four sets of four repetitions with a 3\u00a0min rest between intervals on a cycle ergometer at a power output halfway between the ventilatory threshold and V\u0307O<jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub> and performed during follicular (FOL: days 2\u20137 or inactive pills) and luteal phases (LUT: day \u223c21 or 3rd week of active pills). Substrate oxidation was assessed via indirect calorimetry, blood lactate via finger stick, and recovery of skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism (mV\u0307O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) via continuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy. HFF oxidized more fat (g\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) during the full session (FOL: p\u00a0=\u00a00.050, LUT: p\u00a0=\u00a00.001), high intervals (FOL: p\u00a0=\u00a00.048, LUT: p\u00a0=\u00a00.001), low intervals (FOL: p\u00a0=\u00a00.032, LUT: p\u00a0=\u00a00.024), and LUT recovery ( p\u00a0=\u00a00.033). Carbohydrate oxidation area under the curve was greater in HFF during FOL (FOL: p\u00a0=\u00a00.049, LUT: p\u00a0=\u00a00.124). Blood lactate was lower in LFF in FOL ( p\u00a0\u2264\u00a00.05) but not in LUT. Metabolic flexibility (\u0394 fat oxidation g\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00b7min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) was greater in HFF than LFF during intervals 2\u20133 in FOL and 1\u20134 in LUT ( p\u00a0\u2264\u00a00.05). Fitness status more positively influences exercise metabolic flexibility during HIIE than cycle phase or OC use. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2023-0101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T21:38:21Z","timestamp":1693604301000},"page":"93-104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/csp-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Impact of aerobic fitness status, menstrual cycle phase, and oral contraceptive use on exercise substrate oxidation and metabolic flexibility in females"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2217-8067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alyssa A.","family":"Olenick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical School","place":["Aurora, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regis C.","family":"Pearson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, College of Education, University of Georgia","place":["Athens, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan T.","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, College of Education, University of Georgia","place":["Athens, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"155","reference":[{"key":"refg1\/ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2004.04.005"},{"key":"refg2\/ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.3769"},{"key":"refg3\/ref3","author":"Barba-Moreno L.","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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