{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:28:44Z","timestamp":1792787324265,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"funder":[{"name":"This study was funded by hDrop, Inc. MX3 provided equipment and devices for the successful completion of our study."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cdnsciencepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We aimed to evaluate reliability and validity of MX3 and LAQUAtwin-Na-11 (LA\n                    <jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) analyzers in measuring sweat [Na\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ]. Nineteen healthy, active adults (9 females, 33 \u00b1 10 years) completed two matched, self-paced 60\u2009min cycling or running trials in warm-humid conditions (27.3 \u00b1 0.4\u00a0\u00b0C, 50.9 \u00b1 1.8% RH). Sweat was collected from an absorbent patch on the left ventral forearm. Sweat was analyzed using MX3, LA\n                    <jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and Medica analyzers. The accuracy of both portable analyzers was compared to Medica results. Reliability was assessed using coefficient of variation (CV) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). MX3 demonstrated acceptable-to-high between-trial reliability (CV: 23%; ICC: 0.826), while LA\n                    <jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>\n                    showed acceptable-to-moderate between-trial reliability (CV: 24%; ICC: 0.744). Validity was evaluated using CV and linear regression. Both analyzers demonstrated strong associations with the reference method (MX3: R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.867; LANa: R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.852), with good CV values (MX3: 17.5%; LANa: 13%). Overall, MX3 demonstrated higher reliability than LA\n                    <jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and both analyzers provide good validity for laboratory-based sweat [Na\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ] assessment.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Clinical registration number: NCT07490756.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2025-0482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T21:34:52Z","timestamp":1779831292000},"page":"1-9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/csp-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reliability and validity of portable sweat sodium analyzers during exercise in the heat"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3064-8460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiujing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heat & Hydration Optimization (HO) Lab","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]},{"name":"Exercise Science Research Center","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]},{"name":"University of Arkansas","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2502-8870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zachary J.","family":"McKenna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise Science Research Center","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]},{"name":"University of Arkansas","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawn C.","family":"Wierick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heat & Hydration Optimization (HO) Lab","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]},{"name":"Exercise Science Research Center","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]},{"name":"University of Arkansas","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosie I.","family":"Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heat & Hydration Optimization (HO) Lab","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]},{"name":"Exercise Science Research Center","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]},{"name":"University of Arkansas","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Sellner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Becca M.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7238-8145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brendon P.","family":"McDermott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heat & Hydration Optimization (HO) Lab","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]},{"name":"Exercise Science Research Center","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]},{"name":"University of Arkansas","place":["Fayetteville, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"155","reference":[{"key":"refg1\/ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004210050454"},{"key":"refg2\/ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-017-3619-8"},{"key":"refg3\/ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0b013e31802ca597"},{"key":"refg4\/ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31802fa199"},{"key":"refg5\/ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2007.10719661"},{"key":"refg6\/ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0691-5"},{"key":"refg7\/ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-020-04323-7"},{"key":"refg8\/ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2015.1055291"},{"key":"refg9\/ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00391.2022"},{"key":"refg10\/ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-018-4048-z"},{"key":"refg11\/ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00197.2009"},{"key":"refg12\/ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.12007"},{"key":"refg13\/ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00867.2017"},{"key":"refg14\/ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1440-2440(03)80005-1"},{"key":"refg15\/ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197719702239298"},{"issue":"9","key":"refg16\/ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-022-01677-0","volume":"52","author":"Brown H.A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sports. 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