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This review reports the latest published findings with respect to niacin\u2019s mechanisms of action on these lipids and its anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects. In the pre-statin era, niacin was shown to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular end-points; but in recent years, two major studies performed in patients whose LDL cholesterol levels had been optimized by a statin therapy did not demonstrate an additional significant effect on these end-points in the groups where niacin was administered. Both studies have several drawbacks that suggest that they are not representative for other patients. Thus, niacin still plays a role either as an additive to a statin or as a substitute for a statin in statin-intolerant patients. Moreover, patients with elevated triglyceride and low HDL cholesterol levels and patients with elevated lipoprotein(a) concentrations will possibly benefit from niacin, although currently the study evidence for these indications is rather poor. Niacin may be useful for compliant patients, however possible side effects (flushing, liver damage) and contraindications should be taken into consideration. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2014-0478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,28]],"date-time":"2015-04-28T21:36:34Z","timestamp":1430256994000},"page":"1043-1054","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/csp-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Niacin as antidyslipidemic drug"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Julius","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Germany. Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden (Germany)."},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Germany. 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