{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T10:27:22Z","timestamp":1776767242283,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cdnsciencepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The lack of studies regarding the mechanism of the protective effects of camel milk and bee honey against hepatotoxic compounds led us to perform this study. Thirty-six male rats were divided into two main groups. The first group (n = 9) comprised control non-cirrhotic rats. The rats of the second group (n = 27) were administered carbon tetrachloride (CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) by intraperitoneal injection to induce liver cirrhosis. The cirrhotic rats were then divided into three equal subgroups, each comprising nine animals, as follows: (i) cirrhotic rats, (ii) cirrhotic rats treated with camel milk, and (iii) cirrhotic rats treated with camel milk and bee honey. The present findings revealed that CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> elevated the activities of liver enzymes, blood glucose levels, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in the serum and glycogen content in the liver. On the other hand, CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> significantly decreased phosphorylase activity in the liver tissue and significantly increased carbohydrate intolerance and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). Moreover, CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> induced a significant increase in oxidative stress, along with increased expression of the profibrotic cytokine genes TNF-\u03b1 and TGF-\u03b2. However, camel milk either alone or in combination with bee honey ameliorated these toxic actions. The antioxidant properties of these protective agents and their effects of downregulating certain procirrhotic cytokine gene transcripts underlie this protection. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2015-0596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,30]],"date-time":"2016-05-30T21:40:50Z","timestamp":1464644450000},"page":"1141-1150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/csp-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Camel milk and bee honey regulate profibrotic cytokine gene transcripts in liver cirrhosis induced by carbon tetrachloride"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Kadry","family":"Sadek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanh\u00fbr, Al Buhayrah, Egypt."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doha","family":"Beltagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanh\u00fbr, Al Buhayrah, Egypt."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ebeed","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Milk and Meat Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanh\u00fbr, Al Buhayrah, Egypt."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reham","family":"Abouelkhair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of El Sadat City, Sadat City, Al Buhayrah, Egypt."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"155","reference":[{"key":"refg1\/ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aebi, H. 1974. 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