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BALB\/c mice were immunized against 3 different peptides of TGF-\u03b21 ligated into hepatitis B virus core protein (HBVc). Titers of TGF-\u03b21 antibodies were documented by enzyme linked immunoassays and antibody activity by cell membrane receptor binding and proliferation assays. The most immunogenic recombinant HBVc + TGF-\u03b21 peptide (HBVc + C) then served as a vaccine in Sprague-Dawley rats with dimethylnitrosamine-induced chronic liver disease. Hepatic fibrosis was documented by serum hyaluronic acid levels, liver histology, and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for hepatic collagen I (\u03b11) and smooth muscle alpha actin mRNA expression. Relative to control rats vaccinated with HBVc alone, recombinant HBVc + C vaccinated animals had significantly lower serum hyaluronic acid levels, less histologic evidence of hepatic fibrosis, and reduced expression of collagen I (\u03b11) and smooth muscle alpha actin mRNA in the liver. The results of this proof-of-concept study suggest that active immunization against TGF-\u03b21 is a worthwhile strategy to pursue in efforts to prevent hepatic fibrosis associated with chronic liver disease. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2016-0669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,16]],"date-time":"2017-03-16T21:36:13Z","timestamp":1489700173000},"page":"743-749","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/csp-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Active immunization against transforming growth factor beta1 prevents hepatic fibrosis in a rat model of liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Hong","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada."},{"name":"Section of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerald Y.","family":"Minuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhikang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongping","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenwei","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuewen","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada."},{"name":"Section of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"155","reference":[{"key":"refg1\/ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0920103"},{"key":"refg2\/ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08977194.2011.595714"},{"key":"refg3\/ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.11.064"},{"key":"refg4\/ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2006.12.558"},{"key":"refg5\/ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119815"},{"issue":"5858","key":"refg6\/ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1038\/296677a0","volume":"296","author":"Cohen B.J.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"refg7\/ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/31593"},{"issue":"1","key":"refg8\/ref8","first-page":"4","volume":"502","author":"Dooley S.","year":"2001","journal-title":"TGFbeta signal transduction during transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells. 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