{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T21:25:40Z","timestamp":1781817940741,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cdnsciencepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This study aims to investigate the mechanisms through which fructose diphosphate (FDP) causes anti-hypoxia and anti-fatigue effects and improves learning and memory. Mice were divided into three groups: low-dose FDP (FDP-L), high-dose FDP (FDP-H), and a control group. Acute toxic hypoxia induced by carbon monoxide, sodium nitrite, and potassium cyanide and acute cerebral ischemic hypoxia were used to investigate the anti-hypoxia ability of FDP. The tests of rod-rotating, mouse tail suspension, and swimming endurance were used to explore the anti-fatigue effects of FDP. The Morris water maze experiment was used to determine the impact of FDP on learning and memory ability. Poisoning-induced hypoxic tests showed that mouse survival time was significantly prolonged in the FDP-L and FDP-H groups compared with the control group (p &lt; 0.05). In the exhaustive swimming test, FDP significantly shortened struggling time and prolonged the time of mass-loaded swimming; the rod-rotating test showed that endurance time was significantly prolonged by using FDP (p &lt; 0.05). FDP significantly decreased lactate and urea nitrogen levels and increased hepatic and muscle glycogen and glucose transporter-4 and Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-ATPase (p &lt; 0.05). To conclude, FDP enhances hypoxia tolerance and fatigue resistance and improves learning and memory ability through regulating glucose and energy metabolism. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2019-0690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T21:34:34Z","timestamp":1592516074000},"page":"733-740","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/csp-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Mechanism and effects of fructose diphosphate on anti-hypoxia fatigue and learning memory ability"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Chunna","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People\u2019s Republic of China."},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, People\u2019s Republic of 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