{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T04:35:32Z","timestamp":1782189332672,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cdnsciencepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Prolactin-inducible protein (PIP) is a multifunctional glycoprotein that is highly expressed and found in the secretions of apocrine glands such as salivary, lacrimal, and sweat glands including the mammary glands. PIP has been implicated in various diseases, including breast cancer, gross cystic disease of the breast, keratoconus of the eye, and the autoimmune Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Here we have generated a Pip knockout (KO) mouse using the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)\/CRSPR-associated (Cas)9 system. The Cas9 protein and two single guide RNAs targeting specific regions for both exons 1 and 2 of the Pip gene were microinjected into mouse embryos. The deletions and insertions promoted by CRISPR\/Cas9 system on the Pip gene successfully disrupted Pip protein coding, as confirmed by PCR genotyping, sequencing, and ultimately Western blot analysis. This mouse model was generated in the inbred C57Bl\/6J mouse, which exhibits lower genetic variation. This novel CRISPR Pip KO mouse model will not only be useful for future studies to interrogate the multifunctional role of PIP in physiological processes but will facilitate a broader understanding of the function of PIP in vivo while providing unprecedented insight into its role in a spectrum of diseases attributed to the deregulation of the PIP gene. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2021-0306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T21:41:32Z","timestamp":1628718092000},"page":"86-91","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/csp-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Generation of prolactin-inducible protein (Pip) knockout mice by CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated gene engineering"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Lucas E.L.","family":"Terceiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne A.A.","family":"Blanchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chidalu A.","family":"Edechi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnes","family":"Freznosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Triggs-Raine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Etienne","family":"Leygue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada."},{"name":"CancerCareManitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Myal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada."},{"name":"CancerCareManitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"155","reference":[{"key":"refg1\/ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0062361"},{"key":"refg2\/ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000110"},{"key":"refg3\/ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/Y09-077"},{"key":"refg4\/ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.11.7935"},{"key":"refg5\/ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12014-019-9245-1"},{"key":"refg6\/ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-546"},{"key":"refg7\/ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.639859"},{"key":"refg8\/ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000333931"},{"key":"refg9\/ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2157-7412.1000140"},{"key":"refg10\/ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2008.09.072"},{"key":"refg11\/ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-008-8463-x"},{"key":"refg12\/ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2016.3472"},{"issue":"5","key":"refg13\/ref13","first-page":"878","volume":"6","author":"Jablonska K.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. 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