{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:28:54Z","timestamp":1791379734737,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cdnsciencepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The antioxidant effect of caffeine, associated with its ability to upregulate the nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2)-signaling pathway, was explored as a possible mechanism for the attenuation of liver damage. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was induced in rats by the administration of a high-fat, high-sucrose, high-cholesterol diet (HFSCD) for 15\u2009weeks. Liver damage was induced in rats by intraperitoneal administration of thioacetamide (TAA) for six weeks. Caffeine was administered orally at a daily dose of 50\u2009mg\/kg body weight during the period of NASH induction to evaluate its ability to prevent disease development. Meanwhile, rats received TAA for three weeks, after which 50\u2009mg\/kg caffeine was administered daily for three weeks with TAA to evaluate its capacity to interfere with the progression of hepatic injury. HFSCD administration induced hepatic steatosis, decreased Nrf2 levels, increased oxidative stress, induced the activation of nuclear factor-\u03baB (NF-\u03baB), and elevated proinflammatory cytokine levels, leading to hepatic damage. TAA administration produced similar effects, excluding steatosis. Caffeine increased Nrf2 levels; attenuated oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal; restored normal, reduced glutathione levels; and reduced NF-\u03baB activation, inflammatory cytokine levels, and damage. Our findings suggest that caffeine may be useful in the treatment of human liver diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2022-0303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T07:00:47Z","timestamp":1675666847000},"page":"147-159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/csp-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of caffeine effectively attenuate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and thioacetamide-induced hepatic injury in male rats"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9601-5893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo E.","family":"Vargas-Pozada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN","place":["Mexico City, Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6616-9760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika","family":"Ramos-Tovar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, School of Higher Education in Medicine-IPN, Plan de San Luis y D\u00edaz Mir\u00f3n s\/n, Casco de Santo Tom\u00e1s","place":["Mexico City, Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Consuelo","family":"Acero-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN","place":["Mexico City, Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Cardoso-Lezama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN","place":["Mexico City, Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Galindo-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Cinvestav-IPN","place":["Mexico City, Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Tsutsumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Cinvestav-IPN","place":["Mexico City, Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2236-6631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Muriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN","place":["Mexico City, Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"155","reference":[{"key":"refg1\/ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2016.11.005"},{"key":"refg2\/ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0394632017694898"},{"key":"refg3\/ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3283644e26"},{"key":"refg4\/ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-804274-8.00048-5"},{"key":"refg5\/ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2005.7.889"},{"key":"refg6\/ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24282"},{"key":"refg7\/ref7","first-page":"269","volume-title":"Methods of enzymatic analysis","author":"Bergmeyer H.U.","year":"1983"},{"key":"refg8\/ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04916.x"},{"key":"refg9\/ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1976.9999"},{"key":"refg10\/ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2010.3534"},{"key":"refg11\/ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19390211.2016.1207003"},{"key":"refg12\/ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/597134"},{"key":"refg13\/ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA118.006259"},{"key":"refg14\/ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2009.11.007"},{"key":"refg15\/ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27474"},{"key":"refg16\/ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00705"},{"issue":"1","key":"refg17\/ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01396-6","volume":"51","author":"Fredholm B.B.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pharmacol. 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