{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T04:10:22Z","timestamp":1751515822016,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.en_GB"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cdnsciencepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The objective was to explore percentages of the population treated with prescribed opioids and costs of opioid-related hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits among individuals treated with prescription opioids and costs of all opioid-related hospitalizations and ED visits in the province (i.e., provincial costs) before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Alberta, Canada. In administrative data, we identified individuals treated with prescription opioids and opioid-related hospitalizations and ED visits among those individuals and among all individuals in the province between 2015\/16 and 2021\/22 fiscal years. Services used were counted on an item-by-item basis and costed using case-mix approaches. Annually, from 9.98% (2020\/21\u20132021\/22) to 14.52% (2017\/18) of the provincial population was treated with prescription opioids. Between 2015\/16 and 2021\/22, annual costs of opioid-related hospitalizations and ED visits among individuals treated with prescription opioids were \u223c$5 and \u223c$2 million, respectively. In 2020\/21\u20132021\/22, the provincial costs of opioid-related hospitalizations (\u223c$14 million) and ED visits (\u223c$7.0 million) were almost twice the costs observed in 2015\/16 and immediately before the pandemic (2019\/20). Our findings suggest that increases in the opioid-related utilization of inpatient and ED services between 2015\/16 and 2021\/22, including the drastic increases observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, were likely driven by unregulated substances. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2022-0544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]],"date-time":"2023-05-26T21:41:26Z","timestamp":1685137286000},"page":"466-474","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/csp-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Opioid prescriptions and patients\u2019 health services utilization and cost before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: an exploratory population-based administrative data analysis"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8233-587X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Lopatina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary","place":["Calgary, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nguyen X.","family":"Thanh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Strategic Clinical Networks\u2122, Alberta Health Services","place":["Edmonton, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Tanguay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry and Surgery, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary","place":["Calgary, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John X.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary","place":["Calgary, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tracy","family":"Wasylak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Strategic Clinical Networks\u2122, Alberta Health Services; Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary","place":["Calgary, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"155","reference":[{"key":"refg2\/ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.10.081"},{"key":"refg3\/ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17151635211035127"},{"volume-title":"Opioid prescribing in Canada: how are practices changing?","year":"2019","author":"Canadian Institute for Health Information","key":"refg4\/ref4"},{"volume-title":"The Case Mix Groups+ (CMG+) methodology","year":"2021","author":"Canadian Institute for Health Information","key":"refg5\/ref5"},{"volume-title":"Comprehensive Ambulatory Classification System (CACS)","year":"2021","author":"Canadian Institute for Health Information","key":"refg6\/ref6"},{"key":"refg7\/ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2019.01.010"},{"key":"refg8\/ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.6147"},{"key":"refg9\/ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2017.304187"},{"key":"refg10\/ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-019-02686-2"},{"key":"refg11\/ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12954-020-00370-7"},{"key":"refg12\/ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-8205-z"},{"key":"refg13\/ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k3207"},{"volume-title":"Health. 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