{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T22:08:06Z","timestamp":1791583686670,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.en_GB"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cdnsciencepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing global health challenge. With prevalence projected to rise significantly in the coming decades, T2D is expected to contribute to increased healthcare costs due to associated morbidity and mortality. Characterized by insulin resistance and impaired pancreatic insulin secretion, T2D could be mediated by the effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). Incretin-based therapies have, therefore, emerged as effective treatments for improving glycemic management and weight reduction in people with T2D. Since the approval of the first twice-daily GLP-1 RA in 2005, advancements have led to the development of once-daily and once-weekly injectable formulations and an oral formulation. Furthermore, the approval of a dual GLP-1\/GIP RA marked a significant milestone in incretin-based therapies. These agents have demonstrated glycemic-lowering benefits and weight loss, with once-weekly agents also reducing cardiovascular risk in high-risk populations. The most common adverse effects are gastrointestinal and can be partially mitigated with slow dose titration and patient education. Ongoing research into alternative dosing regimens, combination therapies, and strategies to improve access will be important for optimizing the long-term impact of incretin-based therapies in T2D management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2025-0142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T21:35:04Z","timestamp":1780781704000},"page":"1-23","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/csp-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Incretins for type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Esther","family":"Min","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Close Concerns","place":["San Francisco, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Goyette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Close Concerns","place":["San Francisco, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Close Concerns","place":["San Francisco, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Close Concerns","place":["San Francisco, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Bellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic","place":["Cleveland, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5743-9458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Isaacs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals","place":["Cleveland, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"155","reference":[{"key":"refg1\/ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-0417"},{"key":"refg2\/ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30092-X"},{"key":"refg3\/ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102782"},{"key":"refg4\/ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc25-S009"},{"key":"refg5\/ref5","unstructured":"Amgen, 2025. A study to evaluate the efficacy, safety & tolerability of maridebart cafraglutide in adults with T2DM (clinical trial registration No. NCT06660173). Available from clinicaltrials.gov."},{"key":"refg6\/ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-024-00979-9"},{"key":"refg7\/ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01127-3"},{"key":"refg8\/ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30085-2"},{"key":"refg9\/ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0749"},{"key":"refg10\/ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Arslanian S.A., Hannon T., Zeitler P., Chao L.C., Boucher-Berry C., Barrientos-P\u00e9rez M. et al., AWARD-PEDS Investigators, 2022. Once-weekly dulaglutide for the treatment of youths with type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 387: 433\u2013443. doi:10.1056\/NEJMoa2204601. PMID: 35658022.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2204601"},{"key":"refg11\/ref11","unstructured":"AstraZeneca. 2025. A phase 3, efficacy, safety, and tolerability of once daily oral administration of AZD5004 versus placebo for 26 weeks in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (SOLSTICE) (clinical trial registration No. NCT06579105). Available from clinicaltrials.gov."},{"key":"refg12\/ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60936-9"},{"key":"refg13\/ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Buse J.B., Rosenstock J., Sesti G., Schmidt W.E., Montanya E., Brett J.H. et al. LEAD-6 Study Group. 2009. Liraglutide once a day versus exenatide twice a day for type 2 diabetes: a 26-week randomised, parallel-group, multinational, open-label trial (LEAD-6). Lancet, 374: 39\u201347. doi:10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60659-0.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60659-0"},{"key":"refg14\/ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2019.101117"},{"key":"refg15\/ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2022.07.013"},{"key":"refg16\/ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.0078"},{"key":"refg17\/ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2502082"},{"key":"refg18\/ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Del Prato S., Kahn S.E., Pavo I., Weerakkody G.J., Yang Z., Doupis J. et al. SURPASS-4 Investigators. 2021. Tirzepatide versus insulin glargine in type 2 diabetes and increased cardiovascular risk (SURPASS-4): a randomised, open-label, parallel-group, multicentre, phase 3 trial. Lancet, 398: 1811\u20131824. doi:10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02188-7. PMID: 34672967.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02188-7"},{"key":"refg19\/ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dci24-0003"},{"key":"refg20\/ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12634"},{"key":"refg21\/ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1314078"},{"key":"refg22\/ref22","unstructured":"Eli Lilly and Company. 2025a. A master protocol to investigate the efficacy and safety of LY3437943 once weekly in participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have obesity or overweight: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (clinical trial registration No. NCT05929079). Available from clinicaltrials.gov."},{"key":"refg23\/ref23","unstructured":"Eli Lilly and Company. 2025b. A phase 3, randomized, double-blind study to investigate the efficacy and safety of once daily oral LY3502970 compared with placebo in adult participants with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycemic control with diet and exercise alone (clinical trial registration No. NCT05971940). Available from clinicaltrials.gov."},{"key":"refg24\/ref24","volume-title":"EMA\/141235\/2024","author":"European Medicines Agency (EMA)","year":"2025"},{"key":"refg25\/ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00174-1"},{"key":"refg26\/ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-1473"},{"key":"refg27\/ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fr\u00edas J.P., Davies M.J., Rosenstock J., P\u00e9rez Manghi F.C., Fern\u00e1ndez Land\u00f3 L., Bergman B.K. et al. Investigators SURPASS-2. 2021c. Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide once weekly in patients with type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 385: 503\u2013515. doi:10.1056\/NEJMoa2107519. PMID: 34170647.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2107519"},{"key":"refg28\/ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176275"},{"key":"refg29\/ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Garber A., Henry R., Ratner R., Garcia-Hernandez P.A., Rodriguez-Pattzi H., Olvera-Alvarez I. et al. (Mono) LEAD-3. 2009. Liraglutide versus glimepiride monotherapy for type 2 diabetes (LEAD-3 Mono): a randomised, 52-week, phase III, double-blind, parallel-treatment trial. Lancet, 373: 473\u2013481. doi:10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61246-5.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61246-5"},{"key":"refg30\/ref30","unstructured":"Gasherbrum Bio, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Structure Therapeutics. 2025. A dose-range study of Aleniglipron (GSBR-1290) in participants living with obesity or overweight with at least one weight-related comorbidity (ACCESS II) (clinical trial registration No. NCT06703021). Available from clinicaltrials.gov."},{"key":"refg31\/ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31149-3"},{"key":"refg32\/ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2108269"},{"key":"refg33\/ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2024.10.023"},{"key":"refg34\/ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-1625"},{"key":"refg35\/ref35","unstructured":"GSK delivers further progress in Q2 and sets out new priorities for the Group. 2017. Availabe from https:\/\/www.gsk.com\/media\/q3bdqxk0\/press-release-gsk-delivers-further-progress-in-q2-and-sets-out-new-priorities-for-the-group-26-july-2017.pdf."},{"key":"refg36\/ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db25-837-P"},{"key":"refg37\/ref37","unstructured":"Hanmi Pharmaceutical Company Limited. 2025. Study to evaluate efficacy, safety and tolerability of HM15211(Efocipegtrutide) in subjects (clinical trial registration No. NCT04505436). Available from clinicaltrials.gov."},{"key":"refg38\/ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32261-X"},{"key":"refg39\/ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145721715607642"},{"key":"refg40\/ref40","unstructured":"Hoffmann-La Roche. 2025. A study evaluating the effect of daily oral RO7795081 in participants with obesity or overweight with at least one weight-related comorbidity (clinical trial registration No. NCT07081958). Available from clinicaltrials.gov."},{"key":"refg41\/ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Holman R.R., Bethel M.A., Mentz R.J., Thompson V.P., Lokhnygina Y., Buse J.B. et al. EXSCEL Study Group. 2017. Effects of once-weekly exenatide on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 377: 1228\u20131239. doi:10.1056\/NEJMoa1612917. PMID: 28910237.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1612917"},{"key":"refg42\/ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-s227"},{"key":"refg43\/ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1901118"},{"key":"refg44\/ref44","unstructured":"Innovent Biologics. 2024. Head-to-head superiority over Dulaglutide: innovent\u2019s phase 3 clinical trial DREAMS-2 of Mazdutide in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes were orally presented at EASD 2024 [press release]. PR Newswire. Available from https:\/\/www.prnewswire.com\/news-releases\/head-to-head-superiority-over-dulaglutide-innovents-phase-3-clinical-trial-dreams-2-of-mazdutide-in-chinese-patients-with-type-2-diabetes-were-orally-presented-at-easd-2024-302244860.html."},{"key":"refg45\/ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14765"},{"key":"refg46\/ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2991\/jegh.k.191028.001"},{"key":"refg47\/ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S539822"},{"key":"refg48\/ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30311-0"},{"key":"refg49\/ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30023-8"},{"key":"refg50\/ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01443-4"},{"key":"refg51\/ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2009.02666.x"},{"key":"refg52\/ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1607141"},{"key":"refg53\/ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Marso S.P., Daniels G.H., Brown-Frandsen K., Kristensen P., Mann J.F.E., Nauck M.A., Nissen S.E. et al. LEADER Steering Committee, LEADER Trial Investigators. 2016b. Liraglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 375: 311\u2013322. doi:10.1056\/NEJMoa1603827. PMID: 27295427.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603827"},{"key":"refg54\/ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15058"},{"key":"refg55\/ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2501006"},{"key":"refg56\/ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mosenzon O., Blicher T.M., Rosenlund S., Eriksson J.W., Heller S., Hels O.H. et al. PIONEER 5 Investigators. 2019. Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate renal impairment (PIONEER 5): a placebo-controlled, randomised, phase 3a trial. Lancet. Diabetes Endocrinol. 7: 515\u2013527. doi:10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30192-5. PMID: 31189517.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30192-5"},{"key":"refg57\/ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-1355"},{"key":"refg58\/ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2761"},{"key":"refg59\/ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-023-05956-x"},{"key":"refg60\/ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2023.09.007"},{"key":"refg61\/ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01301-6"},{"key":"refg62\/ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dci23-0085"},{"key":"refg63\/ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Perkovic V., Tuttle K.R., Rossing P., Mahaffey K.W., Mann J.F.E., Bakris G., Baeres F.M.M. et al. FLOW Trial Committees and Investigators. 2024. Effects of semaglutide on chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 391: 109\u2013121. doi:10.1056\/NEJMoa2403347. PMID: 38785209.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2403347"},{"key":"refg64\/ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pfeffer M.A., Claggett B., Diaz R., Dickstein K., Gerstein H.C., K\u00f8ber L.V. et al. Investigators ELIXA. 2015. Lixisenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes and acute coronary syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 373: 2247\u20132257. doi:10.1056\/NEJMoa1509225. PMID: 26630143.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1509225"},{"key":"refg65\/ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pieber T.R., Bode B., Mertens A., Cho Y.M., Christiansen E., Hertz C.L. et al. PIONEER 7 investigators. 2019. Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide with flexible dose adjustment versus sitagliptin in type 2 diabetes (PIONEER 7): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3a trial. Lancet. Diabetes Endocrinol. 7: 528\u2013539. doi:10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30194-9. PMID: 31189520.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30194-9"},{"key":"refg66\/ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12937"},{"key":"refg67\/ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pratley R., Amod A., Hoff S.T., Kadowaki T., Lingvay I., Nauck M. et al. PIONEER 4 investigators. 2019. Oral semaglutide versus subcutaneous liraglutide and placebo in type 2 diabetes (PIONEER 4): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3a trial. Lancet, 394: 39\u201350. doi:10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31271-1.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31271-1"},{"key":"refg68\/ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pratley R.E., Aroda V.R., Lingvay I., L\u00fcdemann J., Andreassen C., Navarria A. et al., and SUSTAIN 7 investigators. 2018. Semaglutide versus dulaglutide once weekly in patients with type 2 diabetes (SUSTAIN 7): a randomised, open-label, phase 3b trial. Lancet. Diabetes Endocrinol. 6: 275\u2013286. doi:10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30024-X. PMID:29397376.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30024-X"},{"key":"refg69\/ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-00070"},{"key":"refg70\/ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0883"},{"key":"refg71\/ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.57349"},{"key":"refg72\/ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.2942"},{"key":"refg73\/ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01053-X"},{"key":"refg74\/ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.20294"},{"key":"refg75\/ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2505669"},{"key":"refg76\/ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01324-6"},{"key":"refg77\/ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Russell-Jones D., Vaag A., Schmitz O., Sethi B.K., Lalic N., Antic S. et al., Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes 5 (LEAD-5) met+SU Study Group. 2009. Liraglutide vs insulin glargine and placebo in combination with metformin and sulfonylurea therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (LEAD-5 met+SU): a randomised controlled trial. Diabetologia, 52: 2046\u20132055. doi:10.1007\/s00125-009-1472-y. PMID:19688338.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-009-1472-y"},{"key":"refg78\/ref78","unstructured":"Rybelsus\u2013direct healthcare professional communication (DHPC) | European Medicines Agency (EMA). 2025. https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/medicines\/dhpc\/rybelsus."},{"key":"refg79\/ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30013-X"},{"key":"refg80\/ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1504347"},{"key":"refg81\/ref81","unstructured":"Tanzeum (albiglutide)\u2013Drug discontinuation, 2017. https:\/\/prod-prorx.optum.com\/content\/dam\/optum3\/professional-optumrx\/news\/rxnews\/drug-recalls-shortages\/drugwithdrawal_tanzeum_2017-0801.pdf."},{"key":"refg82\/ref82","unstructured":"The United Bio- Technology (Hengqin) Co. Ltd. 2025. UBT251 Injection phase II (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus) study (T2DM) (clinical trial registration No. NCT07163624). Available from clinicaltrials.gov."},{"key":"refg83\/ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30104-9"},{"key":"refg84\/ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2759"},{"key":"refg85\/ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-00904-4"},{"key":"refg86\/ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2760"},{"key":"refg87\/ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01931-z"},{"key":"refg88\/ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0898"},{"key":"refg89\/ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30066-X"},{"key":"refg90\/ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zinman B., Gerich J., Buse J.B., Lewin A., Schwartz S., Raskin P. et al., LEAD-4 Study Investigators. 2009. Efficacy and safety of the human glucagon-like peptide-1 analog liraglutide in combination with metformin and thiazolidinedione in patients with type 2 diabetes (LEAD-4 Met+TZD). Diabetes Care, 32: 1224\u20131230. doi:10.2337\/dc08-2124. PMID: 19289857.","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-2124"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/cdnsciencepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1139\/cjpp-2025-0142","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/cdnsciencepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1139\/cjpp-2025-0142","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T11:01:58Z","timestamp":1791457318000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/cdnsciencepub.com\/doi\/10.1139\/cjpp-2025-0142"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"references-count":90,"alternative-id":["10.1139\/cjpp-2025-0142"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/cjpp-2025-0142","relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-4212","1205-7541"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-4212","type":"print"},{"value":"1205-7541","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-10-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}