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However, the long-term impact of sustained LHRH-A3 administration on the reproductive system, particularly ovarian health, remains unclear. In this study, we compared apoptosis levels in ovaries and molecular regulation between LHRH-A3-treated (A3 group) and untreated female rabbits (N group) after their 5th litter. Western blotting showed a significantly lower Bcl-2\/Bax ratio in the A3 group compared with the N group ( P\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01), indicating higher ovarian apoptosis. Ovarian tissues from four rabbits per group were divided into the A3 group and the N group, and RNA-seq technology was then utilized to conduct transcriptome analysis on these two groups. This analysis revealed 220 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including BMP6, BMP15, CYP1A1, and other reproductive-related genes. KEGG analysis of these DEGs showed their involvement in processes such as the cell cycle, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and ovarian steroidogenesis. Subsequently, we selected the key gene Matrix metallopeptidase 7 ( MMP7) for functional analysis using CCK8 and Annexin V-FITC\/PI techniques. MMP7 was found to promote the proliferation of granulosa cells (GCs) and inhibit apoptosis ( P\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). In conclusion, LHRH-A3 treatment can modulate ovarian molecular regulation, with the key gene MMP7 involved in the proliferation and apoptosis of GCs. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/gen-2024-0146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T15:31:41Z","timestamp":1744385501000},"page":"1-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/csp-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analysis of apoptosis levels and MMP7 gene expression in ovaries of postpartum female rabbits after long-term use of LHRH-A3"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9562-3900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sen","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yangzhou University","place":["Yangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yangzhou University","place":["Yangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yangzhou University","place":["Yangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yangzhou University","place":["Yangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yangzhou University","place":["Yangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3333-1001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bohao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yangzhou University","place":["Yangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9871-0251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinsheng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yangzhou University","place":["Yangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9097-5132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yangzhou University","place":["Yangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"155","reference":[{"key":"refg1\/ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2020.155105"},{"key":"refg2\/ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2017.04.015"},{"key":"refg3\/ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.134.1.8275940"},{"key":"refg4\/ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-53370-4"},{"key":"refg5\/ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4149\/neo_2018_180122N48"},{"key":"refg6\/ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2011.09.003"},{"key":"refg7\/ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.102.008656"},{"key":"refg8\/ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.23091"},{"key":"refg9\/ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.11.007"},{"key":"refg10\/ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/rnd:2001140"},{"key":"refg11\/ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12860-022-00449-y"},{"key":"refg12\/ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4995\/wrs.2000.415"},{"key":"refg13\/ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2007.04.006"},{"key":"refg14\/ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-23-0034"},{"key":"refg15\/ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0410"},{"key":"refg16\/ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-010-0689-x"},{"key":"refg17\/ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4400316"},{"key":"refg18\/ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10060960"},{"key":"refg19\/ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.539496"},{"key":"refg20\/ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.2011-012"},{"key":"refg21\/ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.916907"},{"key":"refg22\/ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.20806"},{"issue":"2","key":"refg23\/ref23","first-page":"205","volume":"53","author":"Rebollar P.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Revista Espa\u00f1ola de Fisiolog\u00eda"},{"key":"refg24\/ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4320(89)90113-9"},{"key":"refg25\/ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S096719941400077X"},{"key":"refg26\/ref26","unstructured":"Savietto D., R\u00f3denas L., Mart\u00ednez-Paredes E., Pascual J.J. 2016. 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