{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T12:36:56Z","timestamp":1784291816370,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]],"date-time":"2008-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207008000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Previous research in many sports suggests that losing ~1%\u20132% body mass through sweating impairs athletic performance. Elite-level hockey involves high-intensity bursts of skating, arena temperatures are\u00a0&gt;10\u00a0\u00b0C, and players wear protective equipment, all of which promote sweating. This study examined the pre-practice hydration, on-ice fluid intake, and sweat and sodium losses of 44 candidates for Canada\u2019s junior men\u2019s hockey team (mean\u00a0\u00b1 SE age, 18.4\u00a0\u00b1 0.1\u00a0y; height, 184.8\u00a0\u00b1 0.9\u00a0cm; mass, 89.9\u00a0\u00b1 1.1\u00a0kg). Players were studied in groups of 10\u201312 during 4 intense 1\u00a0h practices (13.9\u00a0\u00b0C, 66% relative humidity) on 1 day. Hydration status was estimated by measuring urine specific gravity (USG). Sweat rate was calculated from body mass changes and fluid intake. Sweat sodium concentration ([Na]) was analyzed in forehead sweat patch samples and used with sweat rate to estimate sodium loss. Over 50% of players began practice mildly hypohydrated (USG\u00a0&gt; 1.020). Sweat rate during practice was 1.8\u00a0\u00b1 0.1 L\u00b7h<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup> and players replaced 58% (1.0\u00a0\u00b1 0.1\u00a0L\u00b7h<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>) of the sweat lost. Body mass loss averaged 0.8%\u00a0\u00b1 0.1%, but 1\/3 of players lost more than 1%. Sweat [Na] was 54.2\u00a0\u00b1 2.4\u00a0mmol\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup> and sodium loss averaged 2.26\u00a0\u00b1 0.17\u00a0g during practice. Players drank only water during practice and replaced no sodium. In summary, elite junior hockey players incurred large sweat and sodium losses during an intense practice, but 2\/3 of players drank enough to minimize body mass loss. However, 1\/3 of players lost more than 1% body mass despite ready access to fluid and numerous drinking opportunities from the coaches. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/h08-011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,11]],"date-time":"2008-04-11T14:53:49Z","timestamp":1207925629000},"page":"263-271","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Sweat rate, salt loss, and fluid intake during an intense on-ice practice in elite Canadian male junior hockey players"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Matthew S.","family":"Palmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E, Guelph, ON N1G\u00a02W1."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence L.","family":"Spriet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. 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