{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T18:17:15Z","timestamp":1785176235169,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1987,5,1]],"date-time":"1987-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":546825600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The highlights of the literature and our work on tetany and hyperventilation are reviewed. Our studies concern the following: (1) the changes of [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>] in circulating plasma caused by respiratory and \"metabolic\" acidosis and alkalosis; (2) critical plasma [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>] levels associated with signs of tetany and neuromuscular blockade; (3) changes in cerebral [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> caused by hypo- and hyper-calcaemia, and the changes in cerebral [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> and pH<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> caused by acute systemic acidosis and alkalosis; and (4) effects of changing [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> and pH<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> levels on synaptic transmission in hippocampal formation. Our main conclusions are (1) changes of plasma [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>] caused by \"metabolic\" pH changes are greater than those associated with varying CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> concentration; (2) acute systemic [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>] changes are associated with small cerebral [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> changes; (3) the decreases in systemic and cerebral [Ca<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> caused by hyperventilation are too small to account for the signs and symptoms of hypocapnic tetany; (4) moderate decrease of [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> depresses and its increase enhances synaptic transmission in hippocampal formation; and (5) H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> ions in extracellular fluid have a weak depressant effect on neuronal excitability. CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> is a strong depressant, which is only partly explained by the acidity of its solution. CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> concentration is a significant factor in controlling cerebral function. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/y87-169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,24]],"date-time":"2011-04-24T08:54:53Z","timestamp":1303635293000},"page":"1078-1085","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Pathophysiology of pH and Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> in bloodstream and brain"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"G. G.","family":"Somjen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. W.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Balestrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. G.","family":"Aitken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"155","container-title":["Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1139\/y87-169","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,5]],"date-time":"2020-01-05T15:18:23Z","timestamp":1578237503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/doi\/10.1139\/y87-169"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1987,5,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,5,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1139\/y87-169"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/y87-169","relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-4212","1205-7541"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-4212","type":"print"},{"value":"1205-7541","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1987,5,1]]}}}