{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T16:55:36Z","timestamp":1775926536505,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,11,1]],"date-time":"1995-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":815184000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> To determine if and when short-term ablation of androgen action compromises the development of the male reproductive tract in mice, the androgen receptor antagonist hydroxyflutamide was administered orally to pregnant FVB\/N mice and the reproductive tracts of the male offspring were examined when adult. Hydroxyflutamide (30\u2002mg per day) for 5 days from day 11 to day 15 of gestation caused hypospadias in all male progeny. However, testis weights, seminal vesicle weights, and serum testosterone levels were not affected (p\u2002&gt;\u20020.05) but caput\u2013corpus epididymal weights were 15% lower than controls (p\u2002&lt;\u20020.02). Shorter periods of treatment that included day 14 or 15 caused hypospadias, but treatments that did not include days 14 and 15 did not (p\u2002&lt;\u20020.002). Hydroxyflutamide (30\u2002mg, once or twice daily for 2 consecutive days) between days 15 and 20 of gestation demonstrated that androgen ablation on days 15&amp;16 caused hypospadias, absence of prostate, and scrotal location of the seminal vesicles with abdominal testes (p\u2002&lt;\u20020.05). Males exposed later in pregnancy had prostates, but the weights were reduced (p\u2002&lt;\u20020.001); testes were scrotal and seminal vesicles were abdominal; caput\u2013corpus epididymal weights were 15\u201330% lower than controls (p\u2002&lt;\u20020.05), but the tubule contained large numbers of spermatozoa. Furthermore, testis weights, serum testosterone, and the response of the testis to a human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) challenge in vitro were not compromised by hydroxyflutamide, and seminiferous tubules exhibited normal spermatogenesis. When males that had been exposed to hydroxyflutamide on days 13&amp;14, 15&amp;16, 17&amp;18, and 19&amp;20 were housed with sexually mature females, pregnancies resulted only from the day 19&amp;20 treatment group. Thus, there are long-term effects caused by short-term blockade of androgen action at critical times during pregnancy and such effects could result in the inability to impregnate, irrespective of any externally visible indications of developmental anomalies.Key words: antiandrogen, sexual development, fetus, male, mouse. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/y95-718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,24]],"date-time":"2011-04-24T05:08:11Z","timestamp":1303621691000},"page":"1582-1588","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Effects of short-term exposure to hydroxyflutamide in utero on the development of the reproductive tract in male mice"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"David W.","family":"Silversides","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher A.","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerard M.","family":"Cooke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"155","reference":[{"key":"p_1\/p_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod42.1.120","volume":"42","author":"Chandrasekhar Y.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biol. 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