{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T17:17:13Z","timestamp":1776100633981,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]],"date-time":"2013-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1370044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Acute and chronic caffeine intakes have no impact on hydration status (R.J. Maughan and J. Griffin, J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 16(6): 411\u2013420, 2003), although no research has been conducted to analyze the effects using dilution techniques on total-body water (TBW) and its compartments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a moderate dose of caffeine on TBW, extracellular water (ECW), and intracellular water (ICW) during a 4-day period in active males. Thirty men, nonsmokers and low caffeine users (&lt;100 mg\u00b7day<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), aged 20\u201339 years, participated in this double-blind, randomized, crossover trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: No. NCT01477294). The study included 2 conditions (5 mg\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00b7day<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> of caffeine and placebo (malt-dextrin)) of 4 days each, with a 3-day washout period. TBW and ECW were assessed by deuterium oxide and sodium bromide dilution, respectively, whereas ICW was calculated as TBW minus ECW. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Physical activity (PA) was assessed by accelerometry and water intake was assessed by dietary records. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test main effects. No changes in TBW, ECW, or ICW and no interaction between the randomly assigned order of treatment and time were observed (p &gt; 0.05). TBW, ECW, and ICW were unrelated to fat-free mass, water ingestion, and PA (p &gt; 0.05). These findings indicate that a moderate caffeine dose, equivalent to approximately 5 espresso cups of coffee or 7 servings of tea, does not alter TBW and fluid distribution in healthy men, regardless of body composition, PA, or daily water ingestion. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2012-0253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,15]],"date-time":"2013-01-15T13:28:05Z","timestamp":1358256485000},"page":"626-632","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Total body water and its compartments are not affected by ingesting a moderate dose of caffeine in healthy young adult males"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Analiza M.","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Fac Motricidade Humana, Univ Tecn Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada 1499-002, Portugal."}]},{"given":"Pedro B.","family":"J\u00fadice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Fac Motricidade Humana, Univ Tecn Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada 1499-002, Portugal."}]},{"given":"Catarina N.","family":"Matias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Fac Motricidade Humana, Univ Tecn Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada 1499-002, Portugal."}]},{"given":"Diana A.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Fac Motricidade Humana, Univ Tecn Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada 1499-002, Portugal."}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o P.","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Fac Motricidade Humana, Univ Tecn Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada 1499-002, Portugal."}]},{"given":"Marie-Pierre","family":"St-Onge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; The New York Obesity Nutrition Research Center, St Luke's\u2013Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY 10025, USA."}]},{"given":"Ezequiel M.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Growth and Body Composition Laboratory, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, 13083-887 SP, Brazil."}]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Armada-da-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomechanics and Functional Morphology, CIPER, Fac Motricidade Humana, Univ Tecn Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada 1499-002, Portugal."}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds B.","family":"Sardinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Fac Motricidade Humana, Univ Tecn Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada 1499-002, Portugal."}]}],"member":"155","reference":[{"key":"refg1\/ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-007-1437-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"refg2\/ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.15.3.252","volume":"15","author":"Armstrong L.E.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab."},{"key":"refg3\/ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(95)00093-3"},{"key":"refg4\/ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20179"},{"key":"refg5\/ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/H08-130"},{"issue":"5","key":"refg6\/ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585S","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2007.10719662","volume":"26","author":"Campbell S.M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Nutr."},{"issue":"3","key":"refg7\/ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-199509000-00009","volume":"11","author":"Currie S.R.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin. J. Pain"},{"issue":"5","key":"refg9\/ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2000.10718956","volume":"19","author":"Grandjean A.C.","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Nutr."},{"key":"refg10\/ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)90828-5"},{"key":"refg11\/ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3841.2010.01561.x"},{"key":"refg12\/ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1979.tb05903.x"},{"key":"refg13\/ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00037.2007"},{"key":"refg15\/ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.2.364"},{"issue":"1","key":"refg16\/ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1998.78.1.247","volume":"78","author":"Lang F.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"refg17\/ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.3.566"},{"key":"refg18\/ref18","unstructured":"Lohman, T.G., Roche, A.F., and Martorell, R. 1988. Anthropometric standardization reference manual. Human Kinetics Publishers, Champaign, IL."},{"key":"refg19\/ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03014460.2012.750684"},{"key":"refg20\/ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-277X.2003.00477.x"},{"issue":"8","key":"refg21\/ref21","first-page":"750","volume":"73","author":"Morgan A.L.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"refg22\/ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000177975"},{"key":"refg23\/ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1970.tb04764.x"},{"issue":"6","key":"refg24\/ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0720749","volume":"72","author":"Passmore A.P.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin. Sci. (Lond.)"},{"key":"refg25\/ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114511000456"},{"key":"refg26\/ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2012.734918"},{"key":"refg27\/ref27","unstructured":"Schoeller, D.A. 2005. Hydrometry. In Human Body Composition. Edited by S.B. Heymsfield, T.G. Lohman, Z. Wang, and S.B. Going. Human Kinetics. Champaign, IL. pp. 35\u201349."},{"issue":"12","key":"refg28\/ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2686","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/33.12.2686","volume":"33","author":"Schoeller D.A.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"refg29\/ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bms.1200220704"},{"key":"refg30\/ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780122208"},{"key":"refg31\/ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1255115"},{"key":"refg32\/ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181fb3dfb"},{"key":"refg33\/ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31827361eb"},{"key":"refg34\/ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.3.583"},{"key":"refg35\/ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000185473.32846.c3"},{"key":"refg36\/ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000185657.86065.98"},{"key":"refg37\/ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.1.97"},{"key":"refg38\/ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000185292.71933.91"},{"issue":"6","key":"refg40\/ref40","first-page":"403","volume":"107","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Indian Med. Assoc."}],"container-title":["Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1139\/apnm-2012-0253","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1139\/apnm-2012-0253","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]],"date-time":"2020-01-06T11:00:49Z","timestamp":1578308449000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/doi\/10.1139\/apnm-2012-0253"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1139\/apnm-2012-0253"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/apnm-2012-0253","relation":{},"ISSN":["1715-5312","1715-5320"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1715-5312","type":"print"},{"value":"1715-5320","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}}}