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Compared with other prey types such as small mammals, lizards, or arthropods, earthworms are low-energy prey because of their small size and high water content. Given the importance of energy acquisition for fueling snake reproduction, we expect that a low-energy dietary specialist such as T.\u00a0scaliger needs to forage frequently to store enough fat to reproduce. The high frequency of snakes containing prey, the presence of multiple earthworms in snakes, and the fact that females continue to feed when gravid suggest that T.\u00a0scaliger is a voracious consumer of earthworms. Despite these foraging behaviours, females did not reproduce in sequential years, suggesting constraints in energy input to reproduce more frequently. A meta-analysis of the diet, body size, and reproductive frequency of some species of the genus Thamnophis Fitzinger, 1843 confirms that consumption of invertebrate prey is associated with small snake size, but not with biennial reproductive frequency within the genus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1139\/z11-096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,3]],"date-time":"2011-12-03T11:28:53Z","timestamp":1322911733000},"page":"1178-1187","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Diet and energetic constraints of an earthworm specialist, the Mesa Central Blotched Garter Snake (<i>Thamnophis\u00a0scaliger<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Reguera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain."}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Animal, Universidad de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; CIBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agr\u00e1rio de Vair\u00e3o, 4485-661\u00a0Vair\u00e3o, Portugal."}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Feriche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain."}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Moci\u00f1o-Deloya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain."}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Setser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain."}]},{"given":"J.M.","family":"Pleguezuelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain."}]}],"member":"155","reference":[{"key":"refg1\/ref-1-1","unstructured":"Arnold, S.J. 1993. 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