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While it is probable that along their careers many scientists felt this tension, only few works have tried to quantify it. Here, we address this question by analyzing a large-scale dataset, containing all the papers published by the American Physical Society (APS) in 26 years, which allows for a better understanding of scientists\u2019 careers evolution in Physics. We employ the Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme (PACS) present in each paper to map the scientific interests of 103,246 authors and their evolution along the years. Our results indeed confirm the existence of the \u201cessential tension\u201d with scientists balancing between exploring the boundaries of their area and exploiting previous work. In particular, we found that although the majority of physicists change the topics of their research, they stay within the same broader area thus exploring with caution new scientific endeavors. Furthermore, we quantify the flows of authors moving between different subfields and pinpoint which areas are more likely to attract or donate researchers to the other ones. Overall, our results depict a very distinctive portrait of the evolution of research interests in Physics and can help in designing specific policies for the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-019-0205-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,11]],"date-time":"2019-09-11T08:02:52Z","timestamp":1568188972000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Explore with caution: mapping the evolution of scientific interest in physics"],"prefix":"10.1140","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1192-8707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Aleta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6202-3302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandro","family":"Meloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5559-3064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Perra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0895-1893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yamir","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"205_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuhn TS, Epstein J (1979) The Essential Tension. 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