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As emerging technologies continue to advance, it is imperative to facilitate their proper integration into society, managing expectations and fear. This paper investigates users\u2019 perceptions of generative AI using 3M posts on Twitter from January 2019 to March 2023, especially focusing on their occupation and usage. We find that people across various occupations, not just IT-related ones, show a strong interest in generative AI. The sentiment toward generative AI is generally positive, and remarkably, their sentiments are positively correlated with their exposure to AI. Among occupations, illustrators show exceptionally negative sentiment mainly due to concerns about the unethical usage of artworks in constructing AI. People use ChatGPT in diverse ways, and notably the casual usage in which they \u201cplay with\u201d ChatGPT tends to be associated with positive sentiments. These findings would offer valuable lessons for policymaking on the emergence of new technology and also empirical insights for the considerations of future human-AI symbiosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-023-00445-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T14:02:22Z","timestamp":1704722542000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Public perception of generative AI on Twitter: an empirical study based on occupation and usage"],"prefix":"10.1140","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7800-8019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kunihiro","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taichi","family":"Murayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Uchiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jisun","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haewoon","family":"Kwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"445_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brynjolfsson E, Li D, Raymond LR (2023) Generative AI at work. 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We gathered publicly available data for the analysis. As for privacy concerns, we did not include personal names or account names in our analysis. We will share only a list of tweet IDs, according to Twitter\u2019s guidelines.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"2"}}