{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T18:35:23Z","timestamp":1772303723100,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731024000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["EPJ Data Sci."],"DOI":"10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-024-00508-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T13:20:17Z","timestamp":1731072017000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Bridging the digital divide: mapping Internet connectivity evolution, inequalities, and resilience in six Brazilian cities"],"prefix":"10.1140","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Nicol\u00f2","family":"Gozzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niccol\u00f2","family":"Comini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Perra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"508_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.telpol.2020.102076","volume":"45","author":"J Mora-Rivera","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mora-Rivera J, Garc\u00eda-Mora F (2021) Internet access and poverty reduction: evidence from rural and urban Mexico. Telecommun Policy 45(2):102076","journal-title":"Telecommun Policy"},{"key":"508_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2020.105118","volume":"137","author":"V Medeiros","year":"2021","unstructured":"Medeiros V, Ribeiro RSM, do\u00a0Amaral PVM (2021) Infrastructure and household poverty in Brazil: a regional approach using multilevel models. World Dev 137:105118","journal-title":"World Dev"},{"issue":"3","key":"508_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/dpr.12210","volume":"35","author":"G Hernan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hernan G, Viecens MF (2017) Connected for development? Theory and evidence about the impact of Internet technologies on poverty alleviation. Dev Policy Rev 35(3):315\u2013336","journal-title":"Dev Policy Rev"},{"key":"508_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mariscal EV, Elbittar A, Cave M, Guerrero R, Garcia-Zaballos A, Iglesias E, Webb W (2020) The impact of digital infrastructure on the consequences of COVID-19 and on the mitigation of future effects. SSRN","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3910862"},{"key":"508_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chiou L, Tucker C (2020) Social distancing, Internet access and inequality. Working Paper 26982, National Bureau of Economic Research","DOI":"10.3386\/w26982"},{"key":"508_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mariscal EV, Elbittar A, Cave M, Guerrero R, Garcia-Zaballos A, Iglesias E, Webb W (2020) The Impact of Digital Infrastructure on the Consequences of COVID-19 and on the Mitigation of Future Effects. IDB Institutions for Development Sector Connectivity, Markets, and Finance Division Discussion Paper No. IDB-DP-827","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3910862"},{"issue":"1","key":"508_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-023-00395-5","volume":"12","author":"N Gozzi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gozzi N, Comini N, Perra N (2023) The adoption of non-pharmaceutical interventions and the role of digital infrastructure during the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia, Ecuador, and El Salvador. EPJ Data Sci 12(1):18.","journal-title":"EPJ Data Sci"},{"key":"508_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Torres A, Doma\u0144ska-Glonek E, Dzikowski W, Korulczyk J, Torres K (2020) Transition to on-line is possible: solution for simulation-based teaching during pandemic. Med Educ","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.14245"},{"key":"508_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bauer JM, Hampton KN, Fernandez L, Robertson CT (2020) Overcoming Michigan\u2019s homework gap: the role of broadband Internet connectivity for student success and career outlooks. IRPN: Innovation & Information Management (Topic)","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3714752"},{"key":"508_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2020.103786","volume":"107","author":"M Taddei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Taddei M, Bulgheroni S (2020) Facing the real time challenges of the covid-19 emergency for child neuropsychology service in Milan. Res Dev Disabil 107:103786","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"key":"508_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1108\/IJDI-11-2020-0260","volume":"20","author":"J Taylor","year":"2021","unstructured":"Taylor J, Taylor R (2021) Decreasing work-related movement during a pandemic. Location analytics and the implications of the digital divide. Int J Dev Iss 20:293\u2013308","journal-title":"Int J Dev Iss"},{"issue":"1","key":"508_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41239-020-00191-5","volume":"17","author":"KA Soomro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Soomro KA, Kale U, Curtis R, Akcaoglu M, Bernstein M (2020) Digital divide among higher education faculty. Int J Educ Technol Higher Educ 17(1):21","journal-title":"Int J Educ Technol Higher Educ"},{"key":"508_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijedro.2020.100022","volume":"2","author":"OB Azubuike","year":"2021","unstructured":"Azubuike OB, Adegboye O, Quadri H (2021) Who gets to learn in a pandemic? Exploring the digital divide in remote learning during the covid-19 pandemic in Nigeria. Int J Educ Res Open 2:100022","journal-title":"Int J Educ Res Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"508_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-020-00508-9","volume":"98","author":"CN Eruchalu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Eruchalu CN, Pichardo MS, Bharadwaj M, Rodriguez CB, Rodriguez JA, Bergmark RW, Bates DW, Ortega G (2021) The expanding digital divide: digital health access inequities during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York city. J Urban Health 98(2):183\u2013186","journal-title":"J Urban Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"508_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e395","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(20)30169-2","volume":"2","author":"G Watts","year":"2020","unstructured":"Watts G (2020) COVID-19 and the digital divide in the UK. Lancet Digit Health 2(8):e395\u2013e396","journal-title":"Lancet Digit Health"},{"key":"508_CR16","unstructured":"GINI Index, The World Bank (2024) https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/SI.POV.GINI. Accessed: 2024-04-23"},{"key":"508_CR17","unstructured":"Anatel (2024) https:\/\/informacoes.anatel.gov.br\/paineis\/acessos. Accessed: 2024-04-23"},{"issue":"12","key":"508_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1145\/3372135","volume":"63","author":"N Feamster","year":"2020","unstructured":"Feamster N, Livingood J (2020) Measuring Internet speed: current challenges and future recommendations. Commun ACM 63(12):72\u201380","journal-title":"Commun ACM"},{"key":"508_CR19","unstructured":"Vakataki\u2018Ofa S, Aparicio CB (2021) Visualizing broadband speeds in Asia and the Pacific"},{"key":"508_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ford GS (2021) Form 477, Speed-Tests, and the American Broadband User\u2019s Experience. Speed-Tests, and the American Broadband User\u2019s Experience (March 31, 2021)","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3825298"},{"issue":"3","key":"508_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2113658119","volume":"119","author":"G Chi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chi G, Fang H, Chatterjee S, Blumenstock JE (2022) Microestimates of wealth for all low-and middle-income countries. Proc Natl Acad Sci 119(3):e2113658119","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"508_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-35973-1_817","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of GIS","author":"X Zhou","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhou X, Lin H (2008) Moran\u2019s I. In: Encyclopedia of GIS. Springer, Boston, pp\u00a0725\u2013725"},{"key":"508_CR23","unstructured":"Humanitarian OpenStreetMap - Education Facilities. (2024) https:\/\/data.humdata.org\/dataset\/?dataseries_name=HOTOSM+-+Education+Facilities. Accessed: 2024-03-28"},{"key":"508_CR24","unstructured":"FCC increases broadband speed benchmark (2024) https:\/\/docs.fcc.gov\/public\/attachments\/DOC-401205A1.pdf. Accessed: 2024-04-23"},{"key":"508_CR25","unstructured":"Google LLC (2020) Google COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports. https:\/\/www.google.com\/covid19\/mobility\/. Accessed: 2021-08-01"},{"key":"508_CR26","unstructured":"Conexis (2024) Statistics. https:\/\/conexis.org.br\/numeros\/estatisticas\/. Accessed: 2024-04-23"},{"key":"508_CR27","unstructured":"Ookla for Good (2024) https:\/\/www.ookla.com\/ookla-for-good. Accessed: 2024-05-23"},{"key":"508_CR28","unstructured":"H3 discrete global grid system (2024) https:\/\/h3geo.org\/. Accessed: 2024-04-23"}],"container-title":["EPJ Data Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-024-00508-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-024-00508-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-024-00508-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T14:02:03Z","timestamp":1731074523000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/epjdatascience.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-024-00508-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["508"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-024-00508-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2193-1127"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2193-1127","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 November 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 November 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"69"}}