{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T05:27:56Z","timestamp":1777526876725,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749168000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020668","name":"European Research Executive Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101131957"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101131957"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020668","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["EPJ Data Sci."],"DOI":"10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-025-00560-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T16:49:27Z","timestamp":1749228567000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["How floods may affect the spatial spread of respiratory pathogens: the case of Emilia-Romagna, Italy in May 2023"],"prefix":"10.1140","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Claudio","family":"Ascione","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Valdano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"560_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1038\/415514a","volume":"30","author":"P Milly","year":"2002","unstructured":"Milly P, Wetherald R, Dunne K, et al. (2002) Increasing risk of great floods in a changing climate. Nature 30:514\u2013517","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"560_CR2","volume-title":"World weather attribution","author":"F Kreienkamp","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kreienkamp F, et al. (2021) Rapid attribution of heavy rainfall events leading to the severe flooding in Western Europe during July 2021. In: World weather attribution"},{"key":"560_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adi2714","volume":"9","author":"J Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang J, et al. (2023) Storyline attribution of human influence on a record-breaking spatially compounding flood-heat event. Sci Adv 9:eadi2714","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"560_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X00008141","volume":"25","author":"W Du","year":"2010","unstructured":"Du W, FitzGerald GJ, Clark M, Hou X-Y (2010) Health impacts of floods. Prehosp Disaster Med 25:265\u2013272","journal-title":"Prehosp Disaster Med"},{"key":"560_CR5","first-page":"601","volume":"109","author":"C Axelrod","year":"1994","unstructured":"Axelrod C, Killam PP, Gaston MH, Stinson N (1994) Primary health care and the midwest flood disaster. Public Health Rep 109:601","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"560_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/698_2021_761","volume-title":"Nature-based solutions for flood mitigation: environmental and socio-economic aspects","author":"B Bett","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bett B, Tumusiime D, Lindahl J, Roesel K, Delia G (2022) The role of floods on pathogen dispersion. In: Ferreira CSS, Kalantari Z, Hartmann T, Pereira P (eds) Nature-based solutions for flood mitigation: environmental and socio-economic aspects. Springer, Cham, pp\u00a0139\u2013157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/698_2021_761"},{"key":"560_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01540-9","volume":"400","author":"M Romanello","year":"2022","unstructured":"Romanello M, et al. (2022) The 2022 report of the Lancet countdown on health and climate change: health at the mercy of fossil fuels. Lancet 400:1619\u20131654","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"560_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4905","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b06186","volume":"50","author":"K Levy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Levy K, Woster AP, Goldstein RS, Carlton EJ (2016) Untangling the impacts of climate change on waterborne diseases: a systematic review of relationships between diarrheal diseases and temperature, rainfall, flooding, and drought. Environ Sci Technol 50:4905\u20134922","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"560_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e93","DOI":"10.1086\/497372","volume":"41","author":"N Hiransuthikul","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hiransuthikul N, Tantisiriwat W, Lertutsahakul K, Vibhagool A, Boonma P (2005) Skin and soft-tissue infections among tsunami survivors in southern Thailand. Clin Infect Dis 41:e93\u2013e96","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"560_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1080\/02772240903252140","volume":"92","author":"S Marcheggiani","year":"2010","unstructured":"Marcheggiani S, et al. (2010) Risks of water-borne disease outbreaks after extreme events. Toxicol Environ Chem 92:593\u2013599","journal-title":"Toxicol Environ Chem"},{"key":"560_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy227","volume":"67","author":"DL Paterson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Paterson DL, Wright H, Harris PNA (2018) Health risks of flood disasters. Clin Infect Dis 67:1450\u20131454","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"560_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.07.025","volume":"103","author":"E Gould","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gould E, Higgs S (2009) Impact of climate change and other factors on emerging arbovirus diseases. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 103:109\u2013121","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"560_CR13","first-page":"1","volume":"9","author":"Q Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang Q, Taylor JE (2014) Quantifying human mobility perturbation and resilience in hurricane sandy. PLoS ONE 9:1\u20135","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"560_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081153","volume":"8","author":"T Horanont","year":"2013","unstructured":"Horanont T, Phithakkitnukoon S, Leong TW, Sekimoto Y, Shibasaki R (2013) Weather effects on the patterns of people\u2019s everyday activities: a study using GPS traces of mobile phone users. PLoS ONE 8:e81153","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"560_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017680","volume":"6","author":"JP Bagrow","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bagrow JP, Wang D, Barabasi A-L (2011) Collective response of human populations to large-scale emergencies. PLoS ONE 6:e17680","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"560_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/urbansci3030087","volume":"3","author":"A Ahmouda","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ahmouda A, Hochmair HH, Cvetojevic S (2019) Using Twitter to analyze the effect of hurricanes on human mobility patterns. Urban Sci 3:87","journal-title":"Urban Sci"},{"key":"560_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101520","volume":"83","author":"Z Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen Z, Gong Z, Yang S, Ma Q, Kan C (2020) Impact of extreme weather events on urban human flow: a perspective from location-based service data. Comput Environ Urban Syst 83:101520","journal-title":"Comput Environ Urban Syst"},{"key":"560_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-03095-6","volume":"590","author":"G Pullano","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pullano G, et al. (2021) Underdetection of cases of COVID-19 in France threatens epidemic control. Nature 590:134\u2013139","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"560_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27087","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2010836117","volume":"117","author":"C Xiong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xiong C, Hu S, Yang M, Luo W, Zhang L (2020) Mobile device data reveal the dynamics in a positive relationship between human mobility and COVID-19 infections. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 117:27087\u201327089","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"560_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.80466","volume":"12","author":"Z Susswein","year":"2023","unstructured":"Susswein Z, Rest EC, Bansal S (2023) Disentangling the rhythms of human activity in the built environment for airborne transmission risk: an analysis of large-scale mobility data. eLife 12:e80466","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"560_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21484","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0906910106","volume":"106","author":"D Balcan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Balcan D, et al. (2009) Multiscale mobility networks and the spatial spreading of infectious diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:21484\u201321489","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"560_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-5564(85)90064-1","volume":"75","author":"LA Rvachev","year":"1985","unstructured":"Rvachev LA, Longini IM Jr (1985) A mathematical model for the global spread of influenza. Math Biosci 75:3\u201322","journal-title":"Math Biosci"},{"key":"560_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2284-y","volume":"582","author":"JS Jia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jia JS, et al. (2020) Population flow drives spatio-temporal distribution of COVID-19 in China. Nature 582:389\u2013394","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"560_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016591","volume":"6","author":"P Bajardi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bajardi P, et al. (2011) Human mobility networks, travel restrictions, and the global spread of 2009 H1N1 pandemic. PLoS ONE 6:e16591","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"560_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arregui Garcia B, et al (2024) Disruption of outdoor activities caused by wildfires increases disease circulation. medRxiv","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.08.08.24311678"},{"key":"560_CR26","unstructured":"Copernicus Emergency Management Service (2024) Copernicus Emergency Management Service. Directorate Space, Security and Migration, European Commission Joint Research Centre (EC JRC). https:\/\/emergency.copernicus.eu\/. Accessed August 29, 2024"},{"key":"560_CR27","unstructured":"Giuffrida A (2023) Death toll mounts in Italy\u2019s worst flooding for 100 Years. https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2023\/may\/18\/italy-worst-flooding-in-100-years-emilia-romagna. Accessed Sept. 2024"},{"key":"560_CR28","unstructured":"Merlini M (2023) Alluvione Emilia-Romagna, danni per 10 miliardi: \u00e8 l\u2019evento meteo pi\u00f9 costoso di sempre. Bonaccini: Ignorati. https:\/\/corrieredibologna.corriere.it\/notizie\/politica\/23_agosto_09\/alluvione-bonaccini-torna-alla-carica-ignorate-le-richieste-servono-risorse-5baa794c-be9a-40f8-ad07-c2258910bxlk_amp.shtml. Accessed Sept. 2024"},{"key":"560_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2022.100663","volume":"42","author":"S Iyer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Iyer S, et al. (2023) Large-scale measurement of aggregate human colocation patterns for epidemiological modeling. Epidemics 42:100663","journal-title":"Epidemics"},{"key":"560_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001047","volume":"30","author":"H Thang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Thang H, et al. (2019) A systematic review of social contact surveys to inform transmission models of close-contact infectionsn. Epidemiology 30:723\u2013736","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"560_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050074","volume":"5","author":"J Mossong","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mossong J, et al. (2008) Social contacts and mixing patterns relevant to the spread of infectious diseases. PLoS Med 5:1","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"560_CR32","unstructured":"United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (2024) Global Subnational Population Data for Humanitarian Needs. https:\/\/data.humdata.org\/dataset\/global-subnational-population-humanitarian. Accessed 2024-08-30"},{"key":"560_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/s41567-017-0022-7","volume":"14","author":"J G\u00f3mez-Gardenes","year":"2018","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Gardenes J, Soriano-Panos D, Arenas A (2018) Critical regimes driven by recurrent mobility patterns of reaction\u2013diffusion processes in networks. Nat Phys 14:391\u2013395","journal-title":"Nat Phys"},{"key":"560_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2923-3","volume":"589","author":"S Chang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chang S, et al. (2021) Mobility network models of COVID-19 explain inequities and inform reopening. Nature 589:82\u201387","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"560_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2007.11.028","volume":"251","author":"V Colizza","year":"2008","unstructured":"Colizza V, Vespignani A (2008) Epidemic modeling in metapopulation systems with heterogeneous coupling pattern: theory and simulations. J Theor Biol 251:450\u2013467","journal-title":"J Theor Biol"},{"key":"560_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21484","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0906910106","volume":"106","author":"D Balcan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Balcan D, et al. (2009) Multiscale mobility networks and the spatial spreading of infectious diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:21484\u201321489","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"560_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba9757","volume":"368","author":"M Chinazzi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chinazzi M, et al. (2020) The effect of travel restrictions on the spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. Science 368:395\u2013400","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"560_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-29015-y","volume":"13","author":"B Faucher","year":"2022","unstructured":"Faucher B, et al. (2022) Agent-based modelling of reactive vaccination of workplaces and schools against COVID-19. Nat Commun 13:1414","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"560_CR39","first-page":"1","volume":"9","author":"P-Y Bo\u00eblle","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bo\u00eblle P-Y, Valdano E (2024) The importance of increasing primary vaccinations against COVID-19 in Europe. Infect Dis Model 9:1\u20139","journal-title":"Infect Dis Model"},{"key":"560_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41567-024-02471-7","volume":"20","author":"P Birello","year":"2024","unstructured":"Birello P, Re Fiorentin M, Wang B, Colizza V, Valdano E (2024) Estimates of the reproduction ratio from epidemic surveillance may be biased in spatially structured populations. Nat Phys 20:1\u20137","journal-title":"Nat Phys"},{"key":"560_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00178324","volume":"28","author":"O Diekmann","year":"1990","unstructured":"Diekmann O, Heesterbeek JAP, Metz JAJ (1990) On the definition and the computation of the basic reproduction ratio R 0 in models for infectious diseases in heterogeneous populations. J Math Biol 28:365\u2013382","journal-title":"J Math Biol"},{"key":"560_CR42","unstructured":"Fasano G (2023) Udine invasa dalle Penne Nere, tolleranza zero per le molestie. https:\/\/www.corriere.it\/cronache\/23_maggio_13\/udine-invasa-penne-nere-tolleranza-zero-molestie-d0f364e4-f1cf-11ed-b4c6-855122afe828.shtml. Accessed 2024-08-30"},{"key":"560_CR43","unstructured":"Bonnel O (2023) Italy\u2019s Emilia-Romagna region, devastated by floods, questions land use. https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/en\/environment\/article\/2023\/05\/22\/italy-s-emilia-romagna-region-devastated-by-floods-questions-land-use_6027614_114.html. Accessed Sept. 2024"},{"key":"560_CR44","unstructured":"Ghiglione D, Bettiza S (2023) Italy floods leave 13 dead and force 13,000 from their homes. https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-65632655. Accessed Sept. 2024"},{"key":"560_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18271-5","volume":"11","author":"SM Kissler","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kissler SM, et al. (2020) Reductions in commuting mobility correlate with geographic differences in SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in New York City. Nat Commun 11:4674","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"560_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21358-2","volume":"12","author":"P Nouvellet","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nouvellet P, et al. (2021) Reduction in mobility and COVID-19 transmission. Nat Commun 12:1\u20139","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"560_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43856-1","volume":"14","author":"E Valdano","year":"2023","unstructured":"Valdano E, Colombi D, Poletto C, Colizza V (2023) Epidemic graph diagrams as analytics for epidemic control in the data-rich era. Nat Commun 14:8472","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"560_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18877-9","volume":"11","author":"P Lemey","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lemey P, et al. (2020) Accommodating individual travel history and unsampled diversity in Bayesian phylogeographic inference of SARS-CoV-2. Nat Commun 11:5110","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"560_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb4218","volume":"368","author":"MUG Kraemer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kraemer MUG, et al. (2020) The effect of human mobility and control measures on the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Science 368:493\u2013497","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"560_CR50","first-page":"875","volume":"9","author":"C Trevisin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Trevisin C, Mari L, Gatto M, Rinaldo A (2024) Epidemicity indices and reproduction numbers from infectious disease data in connected human populations. Infect Dis Model 9:875\u2013891","journal-title":"Infect Dis Model"},{"key":"560_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1009326","volume":"17","author":"M Mazzoli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mazzoli M, et al. (2021) Interplay between mobility, multi-seeding and lockdowns shapes COVID-19 local impact. PLoS Comput Biol 17:1\u201323","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"560_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42005-021-00679-0","volume":"4","author":"S Hazarie","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hazarie S, Soriano-Pa\u00f1os D, Arenas A, G\u00f3mez-Garde\u00f1es J, Ghoshal G (2021) Interplay between population density and mobility in determining the spread of epidemics in cities. Commun Phys 4:191","journal-title":"Commun Phys"},{"key":"560_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0105184","volume":"9","author":"M Lenormand","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lenormand M, et al. (2014) Cross-checking different sources of mobility information. PLoS ONE 9:e105184","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"560_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.13301","volume":"18","author":"AG Kummer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kummer AG, et al. (2024) Evaluating seasonal variations in human contact patterns and their impact on the transmission of respiratory infectious diseases. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 18:e13301","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"}],"container-title":["EPJ Data Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-025-00560-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-025-00560-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-025-00560-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T17:01:06Z","timestamp":1749229266000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/epjdatascience.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-025-00560-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["560"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-025-00560-y","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2024.09.20.24314056","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2193-1127"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2193-1127","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"There is consent to the publication of the manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"43"}}