{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T15:47:37Z","timestamp":1763480857361,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT","award":["2023.10635.CPCA.A1","CERN\/FIS-PAR\/0032\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023.10635.CPCA.A1","CERN\/FIS-PAR\/0032\/2021"]}]},{"name":"EU Horizon 2020","award":["Grant agreement No. 835105, YoctoLHC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant agreement No. 835105, YoctoLHC"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur. Phys. J. C"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The intrinsic quantum nature of jets and the Quark-Gluon Plasma makes the study of jet quenching a promising candidate to benefit from quantum computing power. Standing as a precursor of the full study of this phenomenon, we study the propagation of SU(3) partons in Quark-Gluon Plasma using quantum simulation algorithms. The algorithms are developed in detail, and the propagation of both quarks and gluons is analysed and compared with analytical expectations. The results, obtained with quantum simulators, demonstrate that the algorithm successfully simulates parton propagation, yielding results consistent with analytical baseline calculations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-025-15024-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T15:33:25Z","timestamp":1763480005000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Jet evolution in a quantum computer: quark and gluon dynamics"],"prefix":"10.1140","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8491-4376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. F.","family":"Castro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/037wpkx04","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidade do Minho"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/037wpkx04","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidade do Minho"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8154-3688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. G.","family":"Milhano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01hys1667","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"LIP-Laborat\u00f3rio de Instrumenta\u00e7\u00e3o e F\u00edsica Experimental de Part\u00edculas"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01c27hj86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidade de Lisboa"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3450-4923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. G.","family":"Jord\u00e3o\u00a0Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/037wpkx04","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidade do Minho"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/035b05819","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Copenhagen"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"15024_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-010-1314-6","volume":"67","author":"GP Salam","year":"2010","unstructured":"G.P. Salam, Eur. phys. j. C 67(3\u20134), 637\u2013686 (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-010-1314-6","journal-title":"Eur. phys. j. C"},{"key":"15024_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"U.A. Wiedemann, Jet Quenching in Heavy Ion Collisions (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010), p. 521\u2013562. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-01539-7_17","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-01539-7_17"},{"issue":"1","key":"15024_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ppnp.2010.09.001","volume":"66","author":"A Majumder","year":"2011","unstructured":"A. Majumder, M. van Leeuwen, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 66(1), 41\u201392 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ppnp.2010.09.001","journal-title":"Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys."},{"issue":"11","key":"15024_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1340013","DOI":"10.1142\/s0217751x13400137","volume":"28","author":"Y Mehtar-Tani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Y. Mehtar-Tani, J.G. Milhano, K. Tywoniuk, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 28(11), 1340013 (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s0217751x13400137","journal-title":"Int. J. Mod. Phys. A"},{"issue":"11","key":"15024_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1530012","DOI":"10.1142\/s021830131530012x","volume":"24","author":"JP Blaizot","year":"2015","unstructured":"J.P. Blaizot, Y. Mehtar-Tani, Int. J. Mod. Phys. E 24(11), 1530012 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s021830131530012x","journal-title":"Int. J. Mod. Phys. E"},{"issue":"11","key":"15024_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1530014","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218301315300143","volume":"24","author":"GY Qin","year":"2015","unstructured":"G.Y. Qin, X.N. Wang, Int. J. Mod. Phys. E 24(11), 1530014 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s0218301315300143","journal-title":"Int. J. Mod. Phys. E"},{"key":"15024_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ppnp.2022.103990","volume":"127","author":"L Apolin\u00e1rio","year":"2022","unstructured":"L. Apolin\u00e1rio, Y.J. Lee, M. Winn, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 127, 103990 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ppnp.2022.103990","journal-title":"Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys."},{"issue":"8","key":"15024_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S999","DOI":"10.1088\/0954-3899\/34\/8\/s143","volume":"34","author":"IP Lokhtin","year":"2007","unstructured":"I.P. Lokhtin, A.M. Snigirev, J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 34(8), S999\u2013S1003 (2007). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0954-3899\/34\/8\/s143","journal-title":"J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys."},{"key":"15024_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-009-1133-9","volume":"63","author":"N Armesto","year":"2009","unstructured":"N. Armesto, L. Cunqueiro, C.A. Salgado, Eur. Phys. J. C 63, 679 (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-009-1133-9","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"},{"key":"15024_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-014-2762-1","author":"K Zapp","year":"2014","unstructured":"K. Zapp, Eur. phys. j. C (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-014-2762-1","journal-title":"Eur. phys. j. C"},{"key":"15024_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/jhep10(2014)019","author":"J Casalderrey-Solana","year":"2014","unstructured":"J. Casalderrey-Solana, D.C. Gulhan, J.G. Milhano, D. Pablos, K. Rajagopal, J. high energy phys. (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/jhep10(2014)019","journal-title":"J. high energy phys."},{"key":"15024_CR12","unstructured":"J.H.P. et\u00a0al. The jetscape framework (2019)"},{"key":"15024_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.28.938","volume":"28","author":"SJ Freedman","year":"1972","unstructured":"S.J. Freedman, J.F. Clauser, Phys. Rev. Lett. 28, 938 (1972). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.28.938","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"15024_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.49.1804","volume":"49","author":"A Aspect","year":"1982","unstructured":"A. Aspect, J. Dalibard, G. Roger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 49, 1804 (1982). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.49.1804","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"15024_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.22331\/q-2018-08-06-79","volume":"2","author":"J Preskill","year":"2018","unstructured":"J. Preskill, Quantum 2, 79 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22331\/q-2018-08-06-79","journal-title":"Quantum"},{"key":"15024_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.105.032418","volume":"105","author":"M Kreshchuk","year":"2022","unstructured":"M. Kreshchuk, W.M. Kirby, G. Goldstein, H. Beauchemin, P.J. Love, Phys. Rev. A 105, 032418 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevA.105.032418","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"15024_CR17","first-page":"1014","volume":"14","author":"SP Jordan","year":"2014","unstructured":"S.P. Jordan, K.S.M. Lee, J. Preskill, Quant. Inf. Comput. 14, 1014 (2014)","journal-title":"Inf. Comput."},{"key":"15024_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.106.056002","volume":"106","author":"K Bepari","year":"2022","unstructured":"K. Bepari, S. Malik, M. Spannowsky, S. Williams, Phys. Rev. D 106, 056002 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevD.106.056002","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"15024_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/physrevd.103.076020","author":"K Bepari","year":"2021","unstructured":"K. Bepari, S. Malik, M. Spannowsky, S. Williams, Phys. Rev. D (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/physrevd.103.076020","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"15024_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/jhep11(2022)035","author":"G Gustafson","year":"2022","unstructured":"G. Gustafson, S. Prestel, M. Spannowsky, S. Williams, J. high energy phys. (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/jhep11(2022)035","journal-title":"J. high energy phys."},{"key":"15024_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/physrevd.109.036025","author":"T Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"T. Li, W.K. Lai, E. Wang, H. Xing, Phys. Rev. D (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/physrevd.109.036025","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"15024_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.N. Ciavarella, C.W. Bauer. Quantum simulation of su(3) lattice yang mills theory at leading order in large n (2024)","DOI":"10.22323\/1.466.0206"},{"key":"15024_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G. Bergner, M. Hanada, E. Rinaldi, A. Schafer. Toward qcd on quantum computer: Orbifold lattice approach (2024)","DOI":"10.1007\/JHEP05(2024)234"},{"key":"15024_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-021-09674-9","author":"J Barata","year":"2021","unstructured":"J. Barata, C. Salgado, Eur. phys. j. C (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-021-09674-9","journal-title":"Eur. phys. j. C"},{"key":"15024_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"J. Barata, X. Du, M. Li, W. Qian, C.A. Salgado, Phys. Rev. D 106, 074013 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevD.106.074013","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.106.074013"},{"key":"15024_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.108.056023","volume":"108","author":"J Barata","year":"2023","unstructured":"J. Barata, X. Du, M. Li, W. Qian, C.A. Salgado, Phys. Rev. D 108, 056023 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevD.108.056023","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"15024_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.111.096001","volume":"111","author":"W Qian","year":"2025","unstructured":"W. Qian, M. Li, C.A. Salgado, M. Kreshchuk, Phys. Rev. D 111, 096001 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevD.111.096001","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"15024_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.101.076016","volume":"101","author":"M Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"M. Li, X. Zhao, P. Maris, G. Chen, Y. Li, K. Tuchin, J.P. Vary, Phys. Rev. D 101, 076016 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevD.101.076016","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"15024_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.108.036016","volume":"108","author":"M Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"M. Li, T. Lappi, X. Zhao, C.A. Salgado, Phys. Rev. D 108, 036016 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevD.108.036016","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"15024_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/physrevd.104.056014","author":"M Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"M. Li, T. Lappi, X. Zhao, Phys. Rev. D (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/physrevd.104.056014","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"15024_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.A. Nielsen, I.L. Chuang, Quantum Computation and Quantum Information: 10th Anniversary Edition (Cambridge University Press, 2011)","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511976667"},{"key":"15024_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Qiskit Community. Qiskit: An open-source framework for quantum computing (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.2562110. https:\/\/github.com\/Qiskit\/qiskit","DOI":"10.5281\/zenodo.2562110"},{"key":"15024_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physletb.2018.10.007","volume":"786","author":"E Iancu","year":"2018","unstructured":"E. Iancu, P. Taels, B. Wu, Phys. Lett. B 786, 288 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physletb.2018.10.007","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"15024_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1109\/MM.2020.2985976","volume":"40","author":"P Gokhale","year":"2020","unstructured":"P. Gokhale, J.M. Baker, C. Duckering, F.T. Chong, N.C. Brown, K.R. Brown, IEEE Micro 40, 64 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MM.2020.2985976","journal-title":"IEEE Micro"},{"key":"15024_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevApplied.19.064024","volume":"19","author":"T Roy","year":"2023","unstructured":"T. Roy, Z. Li, E. Kapit, D.I. Schuster, Phys. Rev. Appl. 19, 064024 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevApplied.19.064024","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Appl."},{"key":"15024_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49657-1","author":"T B\u00e6kkegaard","year":"2019","unstructured":"T. B\u00e6kkegaard, L.B. Kristensen, N.J.S. Loft, C.K. Andersen, D. Petrosyan, N.T. Zinner, Sci. Rep. (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-49657-1","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"15024_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.95.045005","volume":"95","author":"Z Cai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Z. Cai, R. Babbush, S.C. Benjamin, S. Endo, W.J. Huggins, Y. Li, J.R. McClean, T.E. O\u2019Brien, Rev. Mod. Phys. 95, 045005 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/RevModPhys.95.045005","journal-title":"Rev. Mod. Phys."},{"key":"15024_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.119.180509","volume":"119","author":"K Temme","year":"2017","unstructured":"K. Temme, S. Bravyi, J.M. Gambetta, Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 180509 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.119.180509","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"8","key":"15024_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1038\/s41567-023-02042-2","volume":"19","author":"E van den Berg","year":"2023","unstructured":"E. van den Berg, Z.K. Minev, A. Kandala, K. Temme, Nat. Phys. 19(8), 1116\u20131121 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41567-023-02042-2","journal-title":"Nat. Phys."},{"key":"15024_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/physreva.94.052325","author":"JJ Wallman","year":"2016","unstructured":"J.J. Wallman, J. Emerson, Phys. Rev. A (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/physreva.94.052325","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"issue":"7","key":"15024_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3352","DOI":"10.1103\/physrevd.49.3352","volume":"49","author":"L McLerran","year":"1994","unstructured":"L. McLerran, R. Venugopalan, Phys. Rev. D 49(7), 3352 (1994). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/physrevd.49.3352","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"issue":"5","key":"15024_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1103\/physrevd.49.2233","volume":"49","author":"L McLerran","year":"1994","unstructured":"L. McLerran, R. Venugopalan, Phys. Rev. D 49(5), 2233 (1994). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/physrevd.49.2233","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"issue":"3","key":"15024_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/S0375-9474(03)00636-5","volume":"717","author":"A Krasnitz","year":"2003","unstructured":"A. Krasnitz, Y. Nara, R. Venugopalan, Nucl. Phys. A 717(3), 268 (2003). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0375-9474(03)00636-5","journal-title":"Nucl. Phys. A"},{"key":"15024_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/jhep01(2013)143","author":"J Blaizot","year":"2013","unstructured":"J. Blaizot, F. Dominguez, E. Iancu, Y. Mehtar-Tani, J. high energy phys. (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/jhep01(2013)143","journal-title":"J. high energy phys."}],"container-title":["The European Physical Journal C"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-025-15024-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-025-15024-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-025-15024-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T15:33:27Z","timestamp":1763480007000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-025-15024-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["15024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-025-15024-w","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"arxiv","id":"2502.03431","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1434-6052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1434-6052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2025 The Author(s)","order":1,"name":"copyright_statement","label":"Copyright Statement","group":{"name":"ArticleCopyright","label":"Copyright Information"}},{"value":"The Author(s)","order":2,"name":"copyright_holder","label":"Copyright Holder","group":{"name":"ArticleCopyright","label":"Copyright Information"}},{"value":"2025","order":3,"name":"copyright_year","label":"Copyright Year","group":{"name":"ArticleCopyright","label":"Copyright Information"}}],"article-number":"1324"}}