{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]],"date-time":"2025-06-21T04:03:07Z","timestamp":1750478587090,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Project ID 39083149"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project ID 39083149"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006209","name":"Nuclear Physics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE-SC0020433, DE-SC0011091, Field Work Proposal Number 73006, DE-AC05-76RL01830, DE-SC0019088, DE-SC0024434, DE-FG02-97ER41020, DESC0012654"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-SC0020433, DE-SC0011091, Field Work Proposal Number 73006, DE-AC05-76RL01830, DE-SC0019088, DE-SC0024434, DE-FG02-97ER41020, DESC0012654"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006209","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PHY-2209530, PHY-2110569"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PHY-2209530, PHY-2110569"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009133","name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006227","name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18-ERD-028, 20- LW-056","DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-868753"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18-ERD-028, 20- LW-056","DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-868753"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006227","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011661","name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005326","name":"Yale University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005326","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur. Phys. J. D"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A calorimetric detector for minimally disruptive measurements of atomic hydrogen beams is described. The calorimeter measures heat released by the recombination of hydrogen atoms into molecules on a thin wire. As a demonstration, the angular distribution of a beam with a peak intensity of <jats:inline-formula>\n                <jats:alternatives>\n                  <jats:tex-math>$$\\approx 10^{16} \\,{\\textrm{atoms}}\/{(\\textrm{cm}^2 \\textrm{s})}$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                  <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                    <mml:mrow>\n                      <mml:mo>\u2248<\/mml:mo>\n                      <mml:msup>\n                        <mml:mn>10<\/mml:mn>\n                        <mml:mn>16<\/mml:mn>\n                      <\/mml:msup>\n                      <mml:mspace\/>\n                      <mml:mtext>atoms<\/mml:mtext>\n                      <mml:mo>\/<\/mml:mo>\n                      <mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mo>(<\/mml:mo>\n                        <mml:msup>\n                          <mml:mtext>cm<\/mml:mtext>\n                          <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                        <\/mml:msup>\n                        <mml:mtext>s<\/mml:mtext>\n                        <mml:mo>)<\/mml:mo>\n                      <\/mml:mrow>\n                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                  <\/mml:math>\n                <\/jats:alternatives>\n              <\/jats:inline-formula> is measured by translating the wire across the beam. The data agree well with an analytic model of the beam from the thermal hydrogen atom source. Using the beam shape model, the relative intensity of the beam can be determined to 5% precision or better at any angle.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1140\/epjd\/s10053-025-00987-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T10:14:24Z","timestamp":1748254464000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Calorimetric wire detector for measurement of atomic hydrogen beams"],"prefix":"10.1140","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4046-9604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Astaschov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0213-7345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Bhagvati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5918-4890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"B\u00f6ser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4530-5946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. J.","family":"Brandsema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.","family":"Cabral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0373-8225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Claessens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7038-2361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"de Viveiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6262-6752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Enomoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2928-847X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Fenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1925-2553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Fertl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3757-9883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. A.","family":"Formaggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1713-3128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B. T.","family":"Foust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9318-4686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. K.","family":"Gaison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8785-9293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.","family":"Harmston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4623-7543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K. M.","family":"Heeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5720-9067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. B.","family":"H\u00fcneborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4988-8763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"X.","family":"Huyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3164-2922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. M.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3400-8986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B. J. P.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6490-7009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Karim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4815-6499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Kazkaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Kern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4782-8126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7896-9925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Lindman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7321-2978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.-Y.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9620-4512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Marsteller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2084-1352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Matth\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8103-7670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Mohiuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5540-1288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"Monreal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4212-7125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"Mucogllava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0992-7588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8202-5837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Negi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9485-3949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. A.","family":"Nikkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4154-2271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. S.","family":"Oblath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6414-0834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Oueslati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J. I.","family":"Pe\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4947-7400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W.","family":"Pettus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1983-8271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Reimann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5900-8299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. L.","family":"Reine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1028-8939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. G. H.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6609-827X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D. Rosa","family":"De Jes\u00fas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Salda\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4027-3746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P. L.","family":"Slocum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6802-4744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Spanier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0238-5608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Stachurska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3470-7771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Y.-H.","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7858-0370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P. T.","family":"Surukuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2398-7085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. B.","family":"Telles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3600-587X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3796-0086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. A.","family":"Thorne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0322-7089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.","family":"Th\u00fcmmler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3422-3133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W.","family":"Van\u00a0De Pontseele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9409-7023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B. A.","family":"VanDevender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2592-2787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T. E.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Wynne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6025-602X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Ziegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"name":"(Project 8 Collaboration)","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"987_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6471\/aa5b4f","volume":"44","author":"A Ashtari Esfahani","year":"2017","unstructured":"A. Ashtari Esfahani et al., J. Phys. G Nucl. Part. Phys. 44, 054004 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-6471\/aa5b4f","journal-title":"J. Phys. G Nucl. Part. Phys."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Project 8 Collaboration, A. Ashtari Esfahani, et al., The project 8 neutrino mass experiment, Snowmass Proceedings (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/ARXIV.2203.07349","key":"987_CR2","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.2203.07349"},{"key":"987_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/physrevd.80.051301","author":"B Monreal","year":"2009","unstructured":"B. Monreal, J.A. Formaggio, Relativistic cyclotron radiation detection of tritium decay electrons as a new technique for measuring the neutrino mass. Phys. Rev. D (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/physrevd.80.051301","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"987_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1007\/s10786-005-0024-z","volume":"48","author":"VA Trofimov","year":"2005","unstructured":"V.A. Trofimov, A.A. Vassiliev, A.I. Kovalev, P.A. Kravtsov, A two-coordinate detector for a beam of atomic hydrogen or deuterium. Instrum. Exp. Tech. 48, 122\u2013126 (2005). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10786-005-0024-z","journal-title":"Instrum. Exp. Tech."},{"key":"987_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1116\/1.3700231","author":"D Ugur","year":"2012","unstructured":"D. Ugur, A.J. Storm, R. Verberk, J.C. Brouwer, W.G. Sloof, Quantification of the atomic hydrogen flux as a function of filament temperature and H$$_2$$ flow rate. J. Vacuum Sci. Technol. A Vacuum Surf. Films (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1116\/1.3700231","journal-title":"J. Vacuum Sci. Technol. A Vacuum Surf. Films"},{"key":"987_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/s003390050835","volume":"67","author":"A Winkler","year":"1998","unstructured":"A. Winkler, Interaction of atomic hydrogen with metal surfaces. Appl. Phys. A Mater. Sci. Process. 67, 637\u2013644 (1998). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s003390050835","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. A Mater. Sci. Process."},{"key":"987_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/physrevlett.121.013001","author":"C-F Cheng","year":"2018","unstructured":"C.-F. Cheng, J. Hussels, M. Niu, H. Bethlem, K. Eikema, E. Salumbides, W. Ubachs, M. Beyer, N. H\u00f6lsch, J. Agner, F. Merkt, L.-G. Tao, S.-M. Hu, C. Jungen, Dissociation energy of the hydrogen molecule at 1e\u20139 accuracy. Phys. Rev. Lett. (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/physrevlett.121.013001","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"987_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.3293","volume":"48","author":"SUAH Syed","year":"2013","unstructured":"S.U.A.H. Syed, S. Maher, S. Taylor, Quadrupole mass filter operation under the influence of magnetic field. J. Mass Spectrom. 48, 1325\u20131339 (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jms.3293","journal-title":"J. Mass Spectrom."},{"unstructured":"McAllister Bellows-sealed Linear Translator (CF 40)","key":"987_CR9"},{"unstructured":"https:\/\/www.mbe-komponenten.de\/products\/mbe-components\/gas-sources\/habs.php","key":"987_CR10"},{"key":"987_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2963956","author":"KG Tschersich","year":"2008","unstructured":"K.G. Tschersich, J.P. Fleischhauer, H. Schuler, Design and characterization of a thermal hydrogen atom source. J. Appl. Phys. (2008). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.2963956","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"unstructured":"Alicat Model: MCE-20SCCM-D-DB15K","key":"987_CR12"},{"unstructured":"Entegris GateKeeper MC1-904F","key":"987_CR13"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"K.G. Tschersich, Intensity of a source of atomic hydrogen based on a hot capillary. J. Appl. Phys. 87, 2565\u20132573 (2000). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.372220","key":"987_CR14","DOI":"10.1063\/1.372220"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"K.G. Tschersich, V. von Bonin, Formation of an atomic hydrogen beam by a hot capillary. J. Appl. Phys. 84, 4065\u20134070 (1998). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.368619","key":"987_CR15","DOI":"10.1063\/1.368619"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"G.A. Melin, R.J. Madix, Energy accommodation during oxygen atom recombination on metal surfaces. Trans. Farad. Soc. 67, 198\u2013211 (1971). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/TF9716700198","key":"987_CR16","DOI":"10.1039\/TF9716700198"},{"unstructured":"https:\/\/github.com\/christianmatthe\/wire_detector","key":"987_CR17"},{"unstructured":"Keithley SourceMeter 2400","key":"987_CR18"},{"unstructured":"NIST https:\/\/webbook.nist.gov\/cgi\/cbook.cgi?ID=C1333740&Type=JANAFG &Table=on#JANAFG","key":"987_CR19"}],"container-title":["The European Physical Journal D"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1140\/epjd\/s10053-025-00987-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1140\/epjd\/s10053-025-00987-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1140\/epjd\/s10053-025-00987-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T11:45:41Z","timestamp":1750419941000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1140\/epjd\/s10053-025-00987-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["987"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1140\/epjd\/s10053-025-00987-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-6060","1434-6079"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1434-6060"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1434-6079"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"60"}}