{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T11:02:46Z","timestamp":1762254166511,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"06n07","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Found. Comput. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> One of the deadliest diseases in the world is brain cancer. Children and adults are also susceptible to this malignancy. It also has the poorest rate of survival and comes in a variety of shapes, textures, and sizes, depending on where it is found. Bad things will happen if the tumour brain is misclassified. As a reason, early detection of the right kind and grade of tumour is critical in determining the best treatment strategy. Brain tumours may be identified by looking at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pictures of the patient\u2019s brain. The manual method becomes time-consuming and may lead to human mistakes due to the huge quantities of data and the different kinds of brain tumours. As a result, a computer-assisted diagnostic (CAD) system is needed. Image categorization methods have advanced significantly in recent years, particularly deep learning networks, which have achieved success in this field. In this case, we used a multilayer stacked probabilistic belief network to accurately classify brain tumors. Here the MRI brain images are Pre-processed using the Hybrid Butter worth Anisotropic filter and contrast Blow up Histogram Equalization. Followed by pre-processing, the denoised image can be segmented by using the bounding box U-NET segmentation methodology. Then after segmenting the target, the specialized features regarding the tumor can be extracted using the In-depth atom embedding method. Then they obtained can reduce feature dimensionality by using the Backward feature eliminating green wing optimization. The extracted features can be given as input for the classification process. A Multilayer stacked probabilistic belief network is then used to classify the tumour as malignant or benign. The suggested system\u2019s efficacy was tested on the BraTS dataset, which yielded a high level of accuracy. Subjective comparison study is also performed out among the suggested technique and certain state-of-the-art methods, according to the work presented. Experiments show that the proposed system outperforms current methods in terms of assisting radiologists in identifying the size, shape, and location of tumors in the human brain. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0129054122420047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T15:51:18Z","timestamp":1654012278000},"page":"559-582","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Multilayer Stacked Probabilistic Belief Network-Based Brain Tumor Segmentation and Classification"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Raghavendra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Harshavardhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of CSE, VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0517-7369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Neelakandan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of CSE, R.M.K. Engineering College, Tamil Nadu, India"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Partheepan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, J.N.N Institute of Engineering, Tamil Nadu, India"}]},{"given":"Ranjan","family":"Walia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Model Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jammu and Kashmir, India"}]},{"given":"V. 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