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A modification of a differential evolution (DE) mechanism was developed as evolution rules for objects according to membrane structure and object communication mechanisms. Under the control of both the object\u2019s evolution-communication mechanism and the membrane evolution mechanism, the extended membrane system can effectively determine the most appropriate number of clusters as well as the corresponding optimal cluster centers. The proposed method was evaluated over 13 benchmark problems and was compared with four state-of-the-art automatic clustering methods, two recently developed clustering methods and six classification techniques. The comparison results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method in terms of effectiveness and robustness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0129065716500040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]],"date-time":"2015-12-01T10:09:33Z","timestamp":1448964573000},"page":"1650004","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["An Extended Membrane System with Active Membranes to Solve Automatic Fuzzy Clustering Problems"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Hong","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Radio Administration and Technology Development, School of Computer and Software Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. 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