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Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper discusses a new variant of spiking neural P systems (in short, SNP systems), spiking neural P systems with extended channel rules (in short, SNP\u2013ECR systems). SNP\u2013ECR systems are a class of distributed parallel computing models. In SNP\u2013ECR systems, a new type of spiking rule is introduced, called ECR. With an ECR, a neuron can send the different numbers of spikes to its subsequent neurons. Therefore, SNP\u2013ECR systems can provide a stronger firing control mechanism compared with SNP systems and the variant with multiple channels. We discuss the Turing universality of SNP\u2013ECR systems. It is proven that SNP\u2013ECR systems as number generating\/accepting devices are Turing universal. 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