{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T14:12:55Z","timestamp":1776521575811,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"10","funder":[{"name":"Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza","award":["DD 3277 del 30 dicembre 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DD 3277 del 30 dicembre 2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Neur. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Over the years, the humanities community has increasingly requested the creation of artificial intelligence frameworks to help the study of cultural heritage. Document Layout segmentation, which aims at identifying the different structural components of a document page, is a particularly interesting task connected to this trend, specifically when it comes to handwritten texts. While there are many effective approaches to this problem, they all rely on large amounts of data for the training of the underlying models, which is rarely possible in a real-world scenario, as the process of producing the ground truth segmentation task with the required precision to the pixel level is a very time-consuming task and often requires a certain degree of domain knowledge regarding the documents at hand. For this reason, in this paper, we propose an effective few-shot learning framework for document layout segmentation relying on two novel components, namely a dynamic instance generation and a segmentation refinement module. This approach is able of achieving performances comparable to the current state of the art on the popular Diva-HisDB dataset, while relying on just a fraction of the available data. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0129065723500521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T16:15:16Z","timestamp":1690560916000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Few-Shot Pixel-Precise Document Layout Segmentation via Dynamic Instance Generation and Local Thresholding"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Axel","family":"De Nardin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Computer Science and Physics, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Zottin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Computer Science and Physics, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Piciarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Computer Science and Physics, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Colombi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Humanities and Cultural Heritage, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Udine, Vicolo Florio 2\/b, 33100 Udine, Italy"}]},{"given":"Gian Luca","family":"Foresti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Computer Science and Physics, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB001","first-page":"369","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Document Analysis and Recognition","author":"Mechi O.","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02703309","volume":"27","author":"Kasturi R.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sadhana"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB003","first-page":"1361","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Control, Instrumentation, Communication and Computational Technologies","author":"Berchmans D.","year":"2014"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s10032-020-00359-9","volume":"23","author":"Drobac S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Doc. Anal. Recognit."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging6100110","volume":"6","author":"Lombardi F.","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Imaging"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s10032-021-00380-6","volume":"24","author":"Biswas S.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Doc. Anal. Recognit."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s10032-007-0040-6","volume":"9","author":"Ramel J. Y.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Doc. Anal. Recognit."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s10032-021-00377-1","volume":"24","author":"Mechi O.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Doc. Anal. Recognit."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB009","first-page":"1355","volume-title":"Proc. 14th IAPR Int. Conf. Document Analysis and Recognition","volume":"1","author":"Diem M.","year":"2017"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB010","first-page":"1361","volume-title":"Proc. 14th IAPR Int. Conf. Document Analysis and Recognition","volume":"1","author":"Simistira F.","year":"2017"},{"issue":"7","key":"S0129065723500521BIB011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2250030","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129065722500307","volume":"32","author":"De Nardin A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Neural Syst."},{"issue":"1","key":"S0129065723500521BIB012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3233\/ICA-210666","volume":"29","author":"Lin J.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Integr. Comput.-Aided Eng."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2018-0050","volume":"30","author":"Mirzaei G.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/mice.12701","volume":"37","author":"Wang Z.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput.-Aided Civ. Infrastruct. Eng."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-11479-4_9","volume-title":"Handbook of Deep Learning Applications","author":"Kaymak \u00c7.","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB016","first-page":"126","volume-title":"Proc. 12th IAPR Workshop on Document Analysis Systems","author":"Garz A.","year":"2016"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s10032-022-00405-8","volume":"25","author":"Nikolaidou K.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Doc. Anal. Recognit."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB018","first-page":"3680","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE\/CVF Winter Conf. Applications of Computer Vision","author":"De Nardin A.","year":"2023"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3355610","volume":"52","author":"Binmakhashen G. M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACM Comput. Surv."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10032-016-0278-y","volume":"20","author":"Mehri M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Doc. Anal. Recognit."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1145\/2501115.2501117","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd Int. Workshop on Historical Document Imaging and Processing","author":"Cohen R.","year":"2013"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB022","first-page":"140","volume-title":"Proc. 14th Int. Conf. Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition","author":"Asi A.","year":"2014"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1145\/2809544.2809545","volume-title":"Proc. 3rd Int. Workshop on Historical Document Imaging and Processing","author":"Mehri M.","year":"2015"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s10032-008-0064-6","volume":"11","author":"Journet N.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Doc. Anal. Recognit."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB025","first-page":"46","volume-title":"Proc. 11th IAPR Int. Workshop on Document Analysis Systems","author":"Barlas P.","year":"2014"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s10032-016-0265-3","volume":"19","author":"Tran T. A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Doc. Anal. Recognit."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s00799-020-00280-w","volume":"21","author":"BinMakhashen G. M.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Digit. Libr."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB028","first-page":"1011","volume-title":"Proc. 13th Int. Conf. Document Analysis and Recognition","author":"Chen K.","year":"2015"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB029","first-page":"299","volume-title":"Proc. 12th IAPR Workshop on Document Analysis Systems","author":"Chen K.","year":"2016"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB030","first-page":"90","volume-title":"Proc. 15th Int. Conf. Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition","author":"Chen K.","year":"2016"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB031","first-page":"1057","volume-title":"Proc. 27th Int. Joint Conf. Artificial Intelligence","author":"Xu Y.","year":"2018"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB032","first-page":"5936","volume-title":"Proc. 25th Int. Conf. Pattern Recognition","author":"Davoudi H.","year":"2021"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB033","first-page":"738","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Document Analysis and Recognition","author":"Alaasam R.","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB034","first-page":"720","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Document Analysis and Recognition","author":"Studer L.","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB035","first-page":"240","volume-title":"Proc. 17th Int. Conf. Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition","author":"Droby A.","year":"2020"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s10032-021-00362-8","volume":"24","author":"Tarride S.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Doc. Anal. Recognit."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB037","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01234-2_49","volume-title":"Proc. European Conf. Computer Vision","volume":"11211","author":"Chen L.-C.","year":"2018"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB039","first-page":"770","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","author":"He K.","year":"2016"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB040","first-page":"1800","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","author":"Chollet F.","year":"2017"},{"issue":"2","key":"S0129065723500521BIB041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00055-2","volume":"33","author":"Sauvola J.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB042","volume-title":"An Introduction to Digital Image Processing","author":"Niblack W.","year":"1986"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB043","first-page":"471","volume-title":"Proc. 15th Int. Conf. Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition","author":"Simistira F.","year":"2016"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB044","first-page":"639","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition","author":"Bukhari S. S.","year":"2012"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB045","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Conf. Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology","author":"Jadon S.","year":"2020"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB046","first-page":"3431","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","author":"Long J.","year":"2015"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB047","first-page":"1314","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE\/CVF Int. Conf. Computer Vision","author":"Howard A.","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0129065723500521BIB048","first-page":"6230","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","author":"Zhao H.","year":"2017"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Neural Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S0129065723500521","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T09:47:48Z","timestamp":1695635268000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/10.1142\/S0129065723500521"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S0129065723500521"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s0129065723500521","relation":{},"ISSN":["0129-0657","1793-6462"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0129-0657","type":"print"},{"value":"1793-6462","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]]},"article-number":"2350052"}}