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J. Neur. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Deep learning technology has been successfully used in Chest X-ray (CXR) images of COVID-19 patients. However, due to the characteristics of COVID-19 pneumonia and X-ray imaging, the deep learning methods still face many challenges, such as lower imaging quality, fewer training samples, complex radiological features and irregular shapes. To address these challenges, this study first introduces an extensive NSNP-like neuron model, and then proposes a multitask adversarial network architecture based on ENSNP-like neurons for chest X-ray images of COVID-19, called MAE-Net. The MAE-Net serves two tasks: (i) converting low-quality CXR images to high-quality images; (ii) classifying CXR images of COVID-19. The adversarial architecture of MAE-Net uses two generators and two discriminators, and two new loss functions have been introduced to guide the optimization of the network. 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