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J. Neur. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In a world where social interaction presents challenges for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), robots are stepping in as allies in emotional learning. This study examined how affective interactions with a humanoid robot elicited physiological responses in children with ASD, using electrodermal activity (EDA) and heart rate variability (HRV) as key indicators of emotional arousal. The objectives were to identify emotionally salient moments during human\u2013robot interaction, assess whether certain individual characteristics \u2014 such as age or ASD severity \u2014 modulate autonomic responses, and evaluate the usefulness of wearable devices for real-time monitoring. Thirteen children participated in structured sessions involving a range of social, cognitive, and motor tasks alongside the robot Pepper. The results showed that the hugging phase (HS2) often generated greater autonomic reactivity in children, especially among younger children and those with higher levels of restlessness or a higher level of ASD. Children with level 2 ASD displayed higher sympathetic activation compared to level 1 participants, who showed more HRV stability. Age also played a role, as younger children demonstrated lower autonomic regulation. These findings highlight the relevance of physiological monitoring in detecting emotional dysregulation and tailoring robot-assisted therapy. Future developments will explore adaptive systems capable of adjusting interventions in real time to better support each child\u2019s unique needs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0129065725500662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T09:45:46Z","timestamp":1756115146000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Physiological Response in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) During Social Robot Interaction"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6731-2074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gema","family":"Benedicto-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Cartagena, Murcia 30202, Spain"},{"name":"ECT Lab+, European University of Technology, Cartagena, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5370-9955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Hongn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Instituto de Ingenier\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica (IIBM), Buenos, Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"CONICET, Instituto Argentino de Matem\u00e1tica \u201cAlberto P. 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