{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T12:23:50Z","timestamp":1772799830118,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Neur. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The vagus nerve (VN) mediates bidirectional communication between the body and brain to maintain physiological homeostasis; likewise, alterations in ongoing vagal signaling may be indicators of disease and\/or contribute to disease pathogenesis. Even though extensively documented in acute experiments, ongoing vagal activity has not been characterized longitudinally, over days or weeks, in mice, a preferred preclinical model. In addition, even though many VN recordings in mice occur during anesthesia, the effects of anesthesia on vagal signaling are unknown. This study uses a chronic implant mouse model to record vagal activity in anesthetized and awake, behaving animals for an average of 10 weeks and up to 6 months. Individual compound action potentials (CAPs) are tracked across multiple days by quantifying comparisons in features, including firing rates, waveform shape, inter-CAP interval histograms, and phase-locking to cardiac and respiratory signals, while demonstrating long-term electrode-nerve interface viability and stable signal-to-noise ratios. Additionally, cytokine challenge experiments produced detectable CAP responses up to 3 months after electrode implantation. Lastly, awake recordings incorporated video analysis to identify and remove motion artifacts to preserve and extract neural and cardiac recordings during daylight in-cage behavior. Results reveal diverse CAP populations with diverse physiological coupling and firing rates modulated by anesthesia. This work highlights the potential of chronic VN recordings to assess long-term changes in vagal activity in health and disease, with implications for the discovery of autonomic markers of disease and closed-loop VNS stimulation strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0129065726500085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T03:19:21Z","timestamp":1766200761000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal Characterization of Compound Action Potentials in Chronic Vagus Nerve Recordings in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6225-0027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shubham","family":"Debnath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA"},{"name":"Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical 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