{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T23:55:23Z","timestamp":1792194923293,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt","issue":"06","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["61304179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61304179"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["71501021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71501021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["71871036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71871036"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["71431001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71431001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["U1813203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1813203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["71831002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71831002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["71672016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71672016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Innovative Research Team in University","award":["IRT_17R13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IRT_17R13"]}]},{"name":"Humanity and Social Science Youth foundation of Ministry of Education","award":["19YJC630151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19YJC630151"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["3132019164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3132019164"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Research Foundation of Liaoning Province","award":["1552357528463"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1552357528463"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Asia Pac. J. Oper. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Customer self-pickup, offered as an option at most distribution centers, can provide flexible service times and save operational costs. Customers can either choose to self-pickup their demand or to have it delivered by a traditional way. At each customer point, the delivery demand is split, with the amount depending on the service and personal characteristics. In this situation, how to efficiently locate distribution centers and route deliveries becomes a vital problem for express companies that has not been studied in the literature. In this paper, for the first time, we propose a mathematical programming model for optimizing the location-routing problem with split demand (LRP-SD), together with a delivery ratio analysis model to predict self-pickup and delivery demand. To adapt the model to real-world cases, two heuristics as used in large-scale simulation-based optimization are devised and implemented. One is biogeography-based optimization (BBO) for solution speed, and the other is an adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) for solution quality. The two algorithms are compared using real data from a Shanghai-based express delivery company. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s021759591940013x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T01:59:31Z","timestamp":1575943171000},"page":"1940013","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Location-Routing Optimization with Split Demand for Customer Self-Pickup via Data Analysis and Heuristics Search"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Zhuo","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Logistics, Dalian Maritime University, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ni","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Logistics, Dalian Maritime University, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yining","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Logistics, Dalian Maritime University, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haobin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Systems Engineering & Management, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJMHEUR.2010.033123"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2013.02.002"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.1050.0117"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.1040.0103"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2006.04.003"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.1110.0989"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2158-1592.2009.tb00104.x"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/jors.2009.100"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2014.08.030"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2013.08.074"},{"issue":"3","key":"S021759591940013XBIB013","first-page":"919","volume":"20","author":"Ghaffari-Nasab N","year":"2013","journal-title":"Scientia Iranica"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB014","author":"Goodarzi AH","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB015","first-page":"9","author":"Goodman RW","year":"2005","journal-title":"Global Logistics & Supply Chain Strategies"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2006.04.004"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-014-1647-x"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2012.04.007"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2016.11.009"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2014.06.009"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CDC.2009.5400004"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13675560600859565"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2013.02.013"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2016.05.048"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2014.04.012"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10732-011-9186-y"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJMCP.2016.079837"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.1050.0135"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(89)90188-4"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2008.919004"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/ori.2011.9"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2012.06.011"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.23.2.141"},{"issue":"1","key":"S021759591940013XBIB036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/S1024123X97000495","volume":"2014","author":"Wang X","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mathematical Problems in Engineering"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2014.10.009"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2012.09.007"},{"key":"S021759591940013XBIB039","author":"\u017dulj I","year":"2017","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"}],"container-title":["Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S021759591940013X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T01:59:56Z","timestamp":1575943196000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S021759591940013X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"06","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S021759591940013X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s021759591940013x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0217-5959","1793-7019"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0217-5959","type":"print"},{"value":"1793-7019","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}}}