{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T14:22:38Z","timestamp":1769350958122,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Patt. Recogn. Artif. Intell."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> In this paper, a system designed for helping the deaf to communicate with others is presented. Some useful new ideas are proposed in design and implementation. An algorithm based on geometrical analysis for the purpose of extracting invariant feature to signer position is presented. An ANN\u2013DP combined approach is employed for segmenting subwords automatically from the data stream of sign signals. To tackle the epenthesis movement problem, a DP-based method has been used to obtain the context-dependent models. Some techniques for system implementation are also given, including fast matching, frame prediction and search algorithms. The implemented system is able to recognize continuous large vocabulary Chinese Sign Language. Experiments show that proposed techniques in this paper are efficient on either recognition speed or recognition performance. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218001400000386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T11:03:21Z","timestamp":1027767801000},"page":"587-602","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["SIGN LANGUAGE RECOGNITION BASED ON HMM\/ANN\/DP"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"WEN","family":"GAO","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Computing Technology,   Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100080, China"},{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JIYONG","family":"MA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Computing Technology,   Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JIANGQIN","family":"WU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CHUNLI","family":"WANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Dalian University of Technology, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"p_2","first-page":"201","author":"Bourlard H.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. 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