{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T07:27:26Z","timestamp":1648625246959},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt","issue":"07","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Patt. Recogn. Artif. Intell."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> It is well known that the approach of functions of time to represent the dynamic and static characteristics of signatures usually outperforms the approaches based on parameters; in addition to this result, we propose here that the model or prototype function of the discriminant features of the signatures should be created considering the signature verification problem as a bi-objective optimization problem in which the false acceptance and false rejection rates are minimized simultaneously; to accomplish these goals, a discrete space of solutions is searched by a genetic algorithm, and a continuous space of solutions is searched by a modified gradient method, both spaces containing candidate prototype functions and the one that best meets some optimization criteria is first chosen as the optimal prototype function and then improved. Given that creating the prototype functions of features is just one of the earlier steps of a signature verification system, we also propose here a scheme of signature verification algorithm with intelligent classification. Our approach was tested in the context of random and highly skilled forgeries, with error rates below 0.1% over 7,300 verifications. Our database consisted of 1,762 exemplars, containing genuine signatures and skilled forgeries from 36 persons. Comparison to other methods of making prototype functions of features is shown. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s021800140400371x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,18]],"date-time":"2004-11-18T21:21:13Z","timestamp":1100812873000},"page":"1189-1206","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["OPTIMAL PROTOTYPE FUNCTIONS OF FEATURES FOR ONLINE SIGNATURE VERIFICATION"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"JULIO CESAR","family":"MART\u00cdNEZ ROMO","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Autonomous University of M\u00e9xico  (UNAM) M\u00e9xico, Distrito Federal, 04510\/University City, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ROGELIO","family":"ALC\u00c1NTARA SILVA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Autonomous University of M\u00e9xico  (UNAM) M\u00e9xico, Distrito Federal, 04510\/University City, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"rf3","first-page":"1132","author":"Plamondon R.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Instr. Measur."},{"key":"rf5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(89)90059-9"},{"key":"rf6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.824821"},{"key":"rf7","volume-title":"Forensic Signature Examination","author":"Slyter S. A.","year":"1995"},{"key":"rf8","volume-title":"Estad\u00edstica","author":"Spiegel M. R.","year":"2000"},{"key":"rf9","volume-title":"Pattern Recognition","author":"Theodoridis S.","year":"1999"},{"key":"rf10","volume-title":"Fuzzy and Neural Approaches in Engineering","author":"Tsoukalas L. H.","year":"1997"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S021800140400371X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,6]],"date-time":"2019-08-06T22:21:33Z","timestamp":1565130093000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S021800140400371X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"07","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S021800140400371X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s021800140400371x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0218-0014","type":"print"},{"value":"1793-6381","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]}}}