{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T05:14:47Z","timestamp":1782278087641,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"07","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61802142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61802142"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Patt. Recogn. Artif. Intell."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This paper presents an end-to-end algorithm for solving circuit problems in secondary physics. A key challenge in solving circuit problems is to automatically understand circuit problems over the modals of both text and schematic. Existing methods have a limited capacity in problem understanding due to the they cannot deal with the numerous expressions of problems in natural language and the various circuit diagrams. In fact that this paper, a batch of methods is proposed to work against the challenge of solving circuit problems. The problem understanding is modeled as a problem of relation extraction and a scheme is proposed to extract relations from both text and schematic. A syntax\u2013semantics model is adopted to extract explicit relations from text, whereas a unit-theorem-based method is proposed to extract implicit relations. And a mesh search method is proposed to extract relations from schematic. Based on the result of problem understanding, an algorithm is proposed to produce the solutions of circuit problems, in which the solutions are presented in a readable way. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in solving circuit problems. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first literature which reports the quantitative results in understanding and solving circuit problems. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218001419400044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,26]],"date-time":"2018-10-26T03:22:00Z","timestamp":1540524120000},"page":"1940004","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["An End-to-End Algorithm for Solving Circuit Problems"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9487-3491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pengpeng","family":"Jian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for E-Learning, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for E-Learning, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, P. R. 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