{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T19:07:41Z","timestamp":1781291261257,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"09","funder":[{"name":"the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology","award":["MLA\/MUM\/GA\/10(37)B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MLA\/MUM\/GA\/10(37)B"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Patt. Recogn. Artif. Intell."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Background subtraction is a prerequisite and often the very first step employed in several high-level and real-time computer vision applications. Several parametric and non-parametric change detection algorithms employing multiple feature spaces have been proposed to date but none has proven to be robust against all challenges that can possibly be posed in a complex real-time environment. Amongst the varied challenges posed, illumination variations, shadows, dynamic backgrounds, camouflaged and bootstrapping artifacts are some of the well-known problems. This paper presents a light-weight hybrid change detection algorithm that integrates a novel combination of RGB color space and conditional YCbCr-based XCS-LBP texture descriptors (YXCS-LBP) into a modified pixel-based background model. The conditional employment of light-weight YXCS-LBP texture features with the modified Visual background extractor (ViBe) aiming at reduction in false positives, produces outperforming results without incurring much memory and computational cost. The random and time-subsampled update strategy employed with the proposed classification procedure ensures the efficient suppression of shadows and bootstrapping artifacts along with the complete retention of long-term static objects in the foreground masks. Comprehensive performance analysis of the proposed technique on publicly available Change Detection dataset (2014 CDnet dataset) demonstrates the superiority of the proposed technique over different state-of-the-art-methods against varied challenges. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218001420500238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,7]],"date-time":"2019-10-07T08:27:03Z","timestamp":1570436823000},"page":"2050023","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A Light-Weight Change Detection Method Using YCbCr-Based Texture Consensus Model"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5632-7980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rimjhim Padam","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poonam","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SSIAI.2014.6806034"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2010.2101613"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2008.4587510"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CRV.2013.29"},{"issue":"2","key":"S0218001420500238BIB005","first-page":"265","volume":"1","author":"Bouwmans T.","year":"2010","journal-title":"MASAUM J. Basic Appl. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"S0218001420500238BIB006","first-page":"147","volume":"4","author":"Bouwmans T.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Recent Patents Comput. Sci."},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosrev.2014.04.001"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosrev.2018.01.004"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2019.04.024"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-25903-1_62"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IWSSIP.2016.7502717"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2011.5995508"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1970392.1970395"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2010.03.023"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2011.2106093"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2017.05.001"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2016.2585600"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2012.2202191"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISACV.2017.8054941"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2012.6238924"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-89639-5_74"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45053-X_48"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB025","first-page":"404","volume-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems","author":"Feng J.","year":"2013"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2014.2314663"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB027","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2012 IEEE Computer Society Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops","author":"Goyette N.","year":"2012"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB028","first-page":"39","volume-title":"IEEE International Workshop on Performance Evaluation of Tracking and Surveillance","author":"Grabner H.","year":"2006"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB029","first-page":"612","volume-title":"VISAPP (1)","author":"Grabner H.","year":"2008"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2018.2855421"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2012.6247848","volume-title":"2012 IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","author":"He J.","year":"2012"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2006.68"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2008.08.014"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2012.6238925"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2009.85"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JEI.27.2.023002"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2016.2632302"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SSP.2018.8450718"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2017.2711659"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0913-4_11"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2914961"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2006.960"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rti.2004.12.004"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2005.102"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB045","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2011 17th Korea-Japan Joint Workshop on Frontiers of Computer Vision (FCV)","author":"Lee Y.","year":"2011"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICME.2018.8486556"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2010.5539817"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00776-8_48"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB049","first-page":"893","volume-title":"2002 International Conf. Image Processing. 2002. Proceedings","volume":"3","author":"Lin H.-H.","year":"2002"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2009.2014810"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMLC.2018.8527059"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2014.7025661"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2012.6238922"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB054","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging4050071"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB055","first-page":"493","volume-title":"Asian Conf. Computer Vision","author":"Noh S. J.","year":"2012"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.868684"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB057","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2006.24"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2009.11.014"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB059","first-page":"1","volume-title":"IEEE Int. Workshop on Performance Evaluation of Tracking and Surveillance","author":"Porikli F.","year":"2003"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2015.04.118"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB061","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2017.2695882"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2014.65"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB063","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.526886"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB064","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2017.2766160"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB065","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0005266303950402"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB066","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2016.7899965"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB067","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2017.10.034"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB068","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2013.12.005"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB069","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1999.784637"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2014.6836059"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB071","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2014.2378053"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB072","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2016.2598691"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB073","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00138-018-0993-0"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB074","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2015.2419075"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB075","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-76386-4_14"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB076","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Workshop on Statistical Methods in Multi-image and Video Processing (in conjunction with ECCV06)","author":"Tavakkoli A.","year":"2006"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB077","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2006.1015"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB078","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Int. Conf. Signal and Image Processing","author":"Tavakkoli A.","year":"2008"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB079","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.1999.791228"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB080","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2013.6636617"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s100201041"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2006.312"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB083","first-page":"137","volume-title":"Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop, 2006. CVPRW\u201906","author":"Wang J.","year":"2006"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB084","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2006.05.024"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00138-007-0118-7"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2010.5495460"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB087","first-page":"560","volume-title":"Asian Conf. Computer Vision, ACCV 2010","author":"Wang L. F.","year":"2010"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB088","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2014.126"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2014.64"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB090","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2016.2638624"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB091","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2812880"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-013-0576-5"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB093","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICME.2010.5582601"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB094","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2011 IEEE Int. Conf. Multimedia and Expo","author":"Xue G.","year":"2011"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB095","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12293-017-0225-6"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB096","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10994-005-3561-6"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB097","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VSPETS.2005.1570931"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2008.06.006"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-ipr.2016.1026"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-35286-7_23"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2012.132"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/387464"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2004.1333992"},{"key":"S0218001420500238BIB104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2005.11.005"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S0218001420500238","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]],"date-time":"2020-08-26T04:21:10Z","timestamp":1598415670000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S0218001420500238"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]]},"references-count":102,"journal-issue":{"issue":"09","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S0218001420500238"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s0218001420500238","relation":{},"ISSN":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0218-0014","type":"print"},{"value":"1793-6381","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]]}}}