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The proposed approach begins with a training process to construct a cattle face localization model using a Haar feature-based cascade classifier. Then, the watershed technique is applied to segment a region of interest (RoI) of a muzzle area in the detected region of the cattle face. This muzzle ROI is further enhanced to make ridge lines more outstanding. The next step, using two approaches, is to extract a main feature descriptor based on a bag of histograms of oriented gradients (BoHoG) and a histogram of local binary patterns (LBP). Then, the support vector machine (SVM) is applied with the histogram intersection kernel for a final cattle identifier. The proposed method is evaluated using five different datasets including one existing cattle dataset used in previous research works, one newly collected dataset of swamp buffalo captured in a controlled environment, and three newly collected datasets of swamp buffalo captured in an outdoor field environment. This outdoor field environment includes challenges of freely moving cattle and differences in daylight. It could achieve a promising accuracy of 95% for a large dataset of 431 subjects. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218001420560078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]],"date-time":"2019-11-29T07:02:49Z","timestamp":1575010969000},"page":"2056007","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Biometric for Cattle Identification using Muzzle Patterns"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2896-611X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Worapan","family":"Kusakunniran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anuwat","family":"Wiratsudakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Udom","family":"Chuachan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Research and Development Center, (Lower Northeastern Region), Mueang, Surin 32000, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarattha","family":"Kanchanapreechakorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thanandon","family":"Imaromkul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Research and Development Center, (Lower Northeastern Region), Mueang, Surin 32000, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noppanut","family":"Suksriupatham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kittikhun","family":"Thongkanchorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0218001420560078BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1109\/INCoS.2015.60","volume-title":"2015 Int. 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