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This paper focuses on detection of anomalous images, this is images that visually deviate from a reference set of regular data. While anomaly detection has been widely studied in the context of classical machine learning, the application of modern deep learning techniques in this field is still limited. We here propose a capsule-based network for anomaly detection in an extremely imbalanced fully supervised context: we assume that anomaly samples are available, but their amount is limited if compared to regular data. By using a variant of the standard CapsNet architecture, we achieved state-of-the-art results on the MNIST, F-MNIST and K-MNIST datasets. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218001421520108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T01:49:39Z","timestamp":1612403379000},"page":"2152010","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Supervised Anomaly Detection with Highly Imbalanced Datasets Using Capsule Networks"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5305-1520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Piciarelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pankaj","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gian Luca","family":"Foresti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0218001421520108BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2015.11.016"},{"volume-title":"Proc. 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