{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T17:37:42Z","timestamp":1778866662203,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"13","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019492","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China-China Academy of General Technology Joint Fund for Basic Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62176027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62176027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Patt. Recogn. Artif. Intell."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> In this paper, we propose a structure-preserving and denoising low-light enhancement method that uses the coefficient of variation. First, we use the coefficient of variation to process the original low-light image, which is used to obtain the enhanced illumination gradient reference map. Second, we use the total variation (TV) norm to regularize the reflectance gradient, which is used to maintain the smoothness of the image and eliminate the artifacts in the reflectance estimation. Finally, we combine the above two constraint terms with the Retinex theory, which contains the denoising regular term. The final enhanced and denoised low-light image is obtained by iterative solution. Experimental results show that our method can achieve superior performance in both subjective and objective assessments compared with other state-of-the-art methods (the source code is available at: https:\/\/github.com\/bbxavi\/SPDLEM .). <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218001422540180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T13:09:47Z","timestamp":1660655387000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Structure Preservation and Denoising Low-Light Enhancement Model via Coefficient of Variation"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Xingtai","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, No. 174, Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Science and Technology Industry Microelectronics System Institute Co., Ltd., No. 269, North Section of Hupan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyuan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, No. 174, Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, No. 174, Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhaowei","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, No. 174, Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1874-3641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingliang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, No. 174, Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB001","first-page":"4020","volume-title":"Proc. 2017 IEEE Int. Conf. Computer Vision (ICCV)","author":"Cai B.","year":"2017"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00041-008-9045-x"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7234","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00741","volume-title":"Proc. 2019 IEEE\/CVF Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","author":"Chen W.","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1109\/CACRE50138.2020.9229994","volume-title":"Proc. 2020 5th Int. Conf. Automation, Control and Robotics Engineering (CACRE)","author":"Feng S.","year":"2020"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB005","first-page":"1925","volume-title":"Proc. 2019 IEEE Int. Conf. Image Processing (ICIP)","author":"Fu G.","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2015.2474701"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2782","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.304","volume-title":"Proc. 2016 IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","author":"Fu X.","year":"2016"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/89.279278"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2016.2639450","volume":"26","author":"Guo X.","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00082","volume-title":"Proc. 2019 IEEE\/CVF Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","author":"Guo H.","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2020.2975845","volume":"31","author":"Ji Y.","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol."},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/83.557356"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/83.597272"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1145\/2461912.2461992","volume":"32","author":"Krishnan D.","year":"2013","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graphics"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2020.3045617","volume":"30","author":"Lamba M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican1277-108"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.61.000001"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2828","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2018.2810539","volume":"27","author":"Li M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3712","DOI":"10.1109\/CCDC.2016.7531629","volume-title":"Proc. 2016 Chinese Control and Decision Conf. (CCDC)","author":"Liu H.","year":"2016"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2018.10.010","volume":"178","author":"Loh P.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Vis. Image Understand."},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2016.06.008"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB022","first-page":"4","volume-title":"Proc. BMVC 2018","author":"Lv F.","year":"2018"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2011.5995422","volume-title":"Proc. CVPR 2011","author":"Ma W.","year":"2011"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3934\/ipi.2012.6.697"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2012.2227726"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1137\/100806588","volume":"4","author":"Ng M. K.","year":"2011","journal-title":"SIAM J. Imaging Sci."},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB027","first-page":"563","volume-title":"Proc. 2018 Int. Conf. Communication and Signal Processing (ICCSP)","author":"Raghunandan A.","year":"2018"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.91"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB029","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proc. 2018 IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","author":"Ren X.","year":"2018"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5862","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2020.2984098","volume":"29","author":"Ren X.","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2018.2828141","volume":"29","author":"Ren Y.","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol."},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1145\/800248.807361","volume-title":"Proc. 5th Annu. Conf. Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH \u201978)","author":"Smith A. R.","year":"1978"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S021969132050054X"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB034","first-page":"1977","volume-title":"Proc. 2017 IEEE Int. Conf. Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","author":"Su H.","year":"2017"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB035","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proc. 2017 IEEE Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP)","author":"Tao L.","year":"2017"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1017501703105"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.26599\/BDMA.2021.9020020","volume":"5","author":"Wang R.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Big Data Min. Analytics"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87884","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2992749","volume":"8","author":"Wang W.","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3381","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2014.2324813","volume":"23","author":"Wang L.","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6842","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00701","volume-title":"Proc. 2019 IEEE\/CVF Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","author":"Wang R.","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2013.2261309"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB042","volume-title":"Proc. BMVC 2018 (Oral)","author":"Wei C.","year":"2018"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB043","volume-title":"IEEE Trans. Multimed. under Review","author":"Wu X.","year":"2022"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5022","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2020.2974060","volume":"29","author":"Xu J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00035","volume-title":"Proc. 2019 IEEE\/CVF Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","author":"Yang X.","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB046","first-page":"3015","volume-title":"Proc. 2017 IEEE Int. Conf. Computer Vision Workshops (ICCVW)","author":"Ying Z.","year":"2017"},{"key":"S0218001422540180BIB047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2658","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP40776.2020.9053027","volume-title":"Proc. ICASSP 2020 \u2014 2020 IEEE Int. Conf. Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","author":"Yu L.","year":"2020"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S0218001422540180","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]],"date-time":"2022-11-29T05:53:16Z","timestamp":1669701196000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/10.1142\/S0218001422540180"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S0218001422540180"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s0218001422540180","relation":{},"ISSN":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0218-0014","type":"print"},{"value":"1793-6381","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"article-number":"2254018"}}