{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T06:24:38Z","timestamp":1758349478196,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"13","funder":[{"name":"The twenty twenty-four School-Level Scientific Research Project of Shaanxi Polytechnic Institute","award":["2024YKYB-009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YKYB-009"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Program of the State Administration for Market Regulation","award":["2023MK114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023MK114"]}]},{"name":"Urban-Regional Collaborative Project of Weicheng District: twenty twenty-four Key R&D Program","award":["2024VCZY-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024VCZY-003"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of the Key Laboratory of the State Administration for Market Regulation","award":["SXJL2023003KF","SXJL2023005 KF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SXJL2023003KF","SXJL2023005 KF"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Patt. Recogn. Artif. Intell."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> With the continuous advancement of computer vision, human\u2013computer interaction, and intelligent sensing technologies, accurate line-of-sight (LOS) tracking has become a critical research topic. However, traditional gaze tracking systems face significant limitations under conditions of natural head movement. The direction of human vision is determined jointly by head posture and eye movement, and precise acquisition of head pose remains a key challenge in gaze tracking technology. To address the limitations imposed by head movement, this study aims to improve the robustness of gaze tracking in natural interaction scenarios. This paper proposes a novel head pose estimation method based on the 3D spatial information of facial feature points. The method utilizes stereo vision to reconstruct 3D feature points and employs a geometric model to calculate head pose, effectively decoupling head movement from eye movement in gaze tracking. In the experimental setup, two interaction modalities were tested: head pointing combined with key pressing, and gaze estimation combined with head pointing. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves interaction latency between 100\u00a0ms and 200\u00a0ms, with a fast capture success rate of up to 85%, slightly outperforming traditional visual target acquisition algorithms. These results indicate the method\u2019s superior responsiveness and stability under natural head movement conditions. The research provides an important technical foundation for achieving natural, efficient human\u2013computer interaction in complex environments. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218001425500235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T06:02:59Z","timestamp":1752732179000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Human\u2013Machine Coupling Study for Fast Visual Target Capture"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2226-4985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenbo","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaanxi Polytechnic Institute, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P. R. China"},{"name":"Xianyang Key Laboratory of Ultra Precision Digital Gold Cutting and Control, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0996-6955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingwei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaanxi Polytechnic Institute, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P. R. China"},{"name":"Xianyang Key Laboratory of Ultra Precision Digital Gold Cutting and Control, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1932-0819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, P. R. China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Metrology Optics and Applications, State Administration for Market Regulation, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, P. R. China"},{"name":"Shaanxi Institute of Metrology Science, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8397-2782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoqiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, P. R. China"},{"name":"Shaanxi Institute of Metrology Science, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"S0218001425500235BIB001","first-page":"174","volume":"11","author":"Aspandi D.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Image Vis. Comput."},{"key":"S0218001425500235BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42979-023-02423-7"},{"key":"S0218001425500235BIB003","first-page":"325","volume-title":"Int. Conf. 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C.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Arab J. Inf. Technol."},{"issue":"02","key":"S0218001425500235BIB014","first-page":"86","volume":"13","author":"Soni L.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Curr. Eng. Technol."},{"issue":"3","key":"S0218001425500235BIB015","first-page":"108","volume":"12","author":"Zhang Z.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S0218001425500235","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T05:55:50Z","timestamp":1758261350000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/10.1142\/S0218001425500235"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S0218001425500235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s0218001425500235","relation":{},"ISSN":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0218-0014"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1793-6381"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]]},"article-number":"2550023"}}