{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T21:12:10Z","timestamp":1769807530641,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"04","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020593","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Beijing University of Chemical Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GK249909299001-302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GK249909299001-302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012457","name":"Chongqing Municipal Basic and Frontier Research Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G20240013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G20240013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012457","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Major Research and Development Project of China","award":["2025C01004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025C01004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Patt. Recogn. Artif. Intell."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a multi-mode dual-cavity LLC resonant converter whose entire control and monitoring backbone is implemented in firmware on a Digital Signal Processor (DSP). A sliding discrete Fourier-transform impedance observer continuously extracts resonant-tank parameters and load condition, while a model-predictive supervisor adaptively selects among four hardware modes\u00a0\u2014 full-bridge or half-bridge, single- or dual-cavity\u00a0\u2014 and jointly optimizes pulse-frequency and pulse-width modulation to track the true resonant point. The same spectral-domain framework performs real-time noise characterization of switching nodes, enabling on-the-fly shaping that suppresses conducted Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). Tests on a 400[Formula: see text]W prototype demonstrate that the converter maintains over 96% efficiency across a 20\u2013200[Formula: see text]V input range and reconfigures between modes in fewer than five switching cycles. Relative to conventional fixed-frequency or analog control, the proposed DSP architecture lifts steady-state efficiency by 2.8%, trims output-voltage overshoot by 47%, and reduces conducted EMI by up to 6[Formula: see text]dB[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]V. Embedding spectral-domain estimation and control in firmware therefore unlocks higher flexibility, power density, and electromagnetic compatibility, making the converter attractive for renewable-energy systems, electric vehicles, and distributed energy storage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218001425540151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T03:26:38Z","timestamp":1755055598000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["DSP-Enhanced Spectral-Domain Control and Transient Analysis of a Multi-Mode Dual-Cavity LLC Resonant Converter"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Huipin","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University Wenzhou Research Institute Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 310000, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kejian","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Computer Network Emergency Technology Coordination Center, Beijing 100029, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310005, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Jingsheng Microelectronics Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 312300, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Jingsheng Microelectronics Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 312300, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213761"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2023.129365"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB003","first-page":"1421","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conf.","author":"Chen W.","year":"2008"},{"issue":"8","key":"S0218001425540151BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8324","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2020.2968084","volume":"35","author":"Dao N. D.","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Power Electron."},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICECTECH.2011.5941932"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2023.3324008"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ECCE53617.2023.10362741"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2024.130765"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2023.3281299"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2012.2201959"},{"issue":"2","key":"S0218001425540151BIB011","first-page":"336","volume":"45","author":"Huang S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. J. Geotech. Eng."},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3352443"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2023.3344449"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2023.126982"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24295\/CPSSTPEA.2020.00006"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2023.3336634"},{"issue":"8","key":"S0218001425540151BIB017","first-page":"293","volume":"68","author":"Liao Y.","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron."},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2016.2616371"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1631\/FITEE.1600029"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2022.126462"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2019.03.035"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2023.3244869"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JESTPE.2020.2973660"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00502-022-01112-2"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app14167162"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse12101845"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2015.2407405"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.122690"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asej.2023.102471"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2024.130572"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPESYS.2018.8626928"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2020.2969098"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2020.3001126"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/CW-01-2023-0006"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2008.2011310"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3383426"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2024.130823"},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB038","first-page":"8","volume":"8","author":"Zhao T.","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Top. Power Electron."},{"key":"S0218001425540151BIB039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geits.2024.100174"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S0218001425540151","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T10:59:55Z","timestamp":1769770795000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/10.1142\/S0218001425540151"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S0218001425540151"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s0218001425540151","relation":{},"ISSN":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0218-0014","type":"print"},{"value":"1793-6381","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"article-number":"2554015"}}